睡眠呼吸暂停综合征对脂质代谢和氧化还原平衡的影响。
The impact of sleep apnea syndrome on the altered lipid metabolism and the redox balance.
机构信息
1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.
出版信息
Lipids Health Dis. 2021 Dec 5;20(1):175. doi: 10.1186/s12944-021-01604-8.
BACKGROUND
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder with a significant risk for cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia and redox imbalance belong to potential mechanisms linking OSA with the development of vascular diseases. The main aim of this study was the evaluation of the presence of lipid abnormalities in OSA patients, focusing on small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions and determination of the redox imbalance by evaluating the marker of oxidative damage to plasma lipids - lipoperoxides.
METHODS
The study included 15 male subjects with polysomnographically confirmed OSA and 16 male healthy controls. Plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL and their subfractions, triacylglycerols and lipoperoxides were determined in all study individuals. Plasma LDL and HDL subfractions were separated by the Lipoprint system which is a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Lipoperoxide levels were determined spectrophotometrically.
RESULTS
OSA patients had significantly higher triacylglycerols, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol compared to healthy controls. HDL cholesterol was not significantly different. Of the LDL and HDL subfractions, OSA patients had significantly lower levels of atheroprotective LDL1 and large HDL subfractions and significantly higher levels of atherogenic small dense LDL3-7 and HDL8-10 subfractions. Lipoperoxide levels in patients with OSA were significantly elevated compared to healthy individuals.
CONCLUSION
The lipoprotein pro-atherogenic phenotype was found in individuals with OSA characterized by increased levels of atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions and reduced levels of atheroprotective subfractions. In addition, a plasma redox imbalance was found in patients with OSA compared to controls by detecting higher oxidative damage to lipids. Abnormalities in lipoprotein levels in patients with OSA, as well as the redox imbalance, could lead to an acceleration of the atherosclerotic process in predisposed individuals and thus represent a significant risk factor for vasular diseases.
背景
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是一种心血管疾病风险较高的疾病。血脂异常和氧化还原失衡属于将 OSA 与血管疾病发展联系起来的潜在机制。本研究的主要目的是评估 OSA 患者是否存在脂质异常，重点关注小而密的低密度脂蛋白（LDL）和高密度脂蛋白（HDL）亚组分，并通过评估血浆脂质氧化损伤的标志物-脂质过氧化物来确定氧化还原失衡。
方法
本研究纳入了 15 名经多导睡眠图证实的 OSA 男性患者和 16 名健康男性对照者。所有研究对象均测定血浆总胆固醇、LDL 和 HDL 及其亚组分、三酰甘油和脂质过氧化物水平。采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳的 Lipoprint 系统分离血浆 LDL 和 HDL 亚组分。采用分光光度法测定脂质过氧化物水平。
结果
与健康对照组相比，OSA 患者的三酰甘油、总胆固醇和 LDL 胆固醇显著升高，而 HDL 胆固醇无显著差异。在 LDL 和 HDL 亚组分中，OSA 患者的保护性 LDL1 和大 HDL 亚组分水平显著降低，致动脉粥样硬化的小而密 LDL3-7 和 HDL8-10 亚组分水平显著升高。与健康个体相比，OSA 患者的脂质过氧化物水平显著升高。
结论
在 OSA 患者中发现了脂蛋白致动脉粥样硬化表型，其特征为致动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白亚组分水平升高和保护性亚组分水平降低。此外，与对照组相比，OSA 患者存在血浆氧化还原失衡，通过检测脂质的氧化损伤更高来确定。OSA 患者的脂蛋白水平异常以及氧化还原失衡可能导致易患个体的动脉粥样硬化过程加速，因此是血管疾病的重要危险因素。
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