免疫检查点抑制剂对尿路上皮癌患者的不良反应和毒性
Adverse Effects and Toxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors For Patients With Urothelial Carcinoma.
作者信息
Wang Di, Sun Kai, Wang Tianqi, Zhang Dongxu, Sun Fengze, Cui Yuanshan, Zhao Hongwei, Wu Jitao
机构信息
Urology Department, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
出版信息
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Nov 12;12:710943. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.710943. eCollection 2021.
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) occupies a high incidence among all the genitourinary malignancies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), as alternative treatments of metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC), have been applied in the treatment of mUC after chemotherapy failure, with comparable efficacy and safety. ICIs can enhance anti-tumor T cell reactivity and promote immune control over the cancerous cells by blocking cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) or the combination of PD-1 and PD-L1. In the treatment of urothelial carcinoma, ICIs show obvious advantage and can enhance survival rates. However, their adverse effects are gradually manifested with increasing clinical applications. Therefore, we review the adverse effects and toxicity of ICIs in patients with UC, aiming to provide sound theoretical references and therapeutic strategies for their clinical application.
摘要
尿路上皮癌（UC）在所有泌尿生殖系统恶性肿瘤中发病率较高。免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs）作为转移性尿路上皮癌（mUC）的替代治疗方法，已在化疗失败后用于mUC的治疗，其疗效和安全性相当。ICIs可通过阻断细胞毒性T淋巴细胞抗原4（CTLA-4）或PD-1与PD-L1的组合来增强抗肿瘤T细胞反应性，并促进对癌细胞的免疫控制。在尿路上皮癌的治疗中，ICIs显示出明显优势，可提高生存率。然而，随着临床应用的增加，其不良反应也逐渐显现。因此，我们综述了ICIs在UC患者中的不良反应和毒性，旨在为其临床应用提供可靠的理论参考和治疗策略。
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