Arazi Hamid, Falahati Akram, Suzuki Katsuhiko
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Front Physiol. 2021 Nov 15;12:747200. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.747200. eCollection 2021.
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a novel coronavirus (CoV) named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is the cellular receptor of SARS-CoV-2, it has a strong interaction with the renin angiotensin system (RAS). Experimental studies have shown that the higher levels of ACE2 or increasing ACE2/ACE1 ratio improve COVID-19 outcomes through lowering inflammation and death. Aerobic moderate intensity physical exercise fights off infections by two mechanisms, the inhibition of ACE/Ang II/AT1-R pathway and the stimulation of ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR axis. Exercise can also activate the anti-inflammatory response so that it can be a potential therapeutic strategy against COVID-19. Here, we summarize and focus the relation among COVID-19, RAS, and immune system and describe the potential effect of aerobic moderate intensity physical exercise against CoV as a useful complementary tool for providing immune protection against SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, which is a novel intervention that requires further investigation.
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行是由一种名为严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的新型冠状病毒引起的。由于血管紧张素转换酶2（ACE2）是SARS-CoV-2的细胞受体，它与肾素血管紧张素系统（RAS）有很强的相互作用。实验研究表明，较高水平的ACE2或增加ACE2/ACE1比值可通过降低炎症和死亡率改善COVID-19的预后。有氧中等强度体育锻炼通过两种机制抵抗感染，即抑制ACE/Ang II/AT1-R途径和刺激ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR轴。运动还可以激活抗炎反应，因此它可能是对抗COVID-19的一种潜在治疗策略。在此，我们总结并聚焦于COVID-19、RAS和免疫系统之间的关系，并描述有氧中等强度体育锻炼对冠状病毒的潜在作用，作为一种有用的补充工具，为抵抗SARS-CoV-2病毒感染提供免疫保护，这是一种需要进一步研究的新型干预措施。
