Lisicki Marco, Schoenen Jean
Neuroscience Unit, Conci·Carpinella Institute, Córdoba, Argentina.
Headache Research Unit, Department of Neurology, CHR Citadelle, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.
Front Neurol. 2021 Nov 18;12:748419. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.748419. eCollection 2021.
Migraine is a multifactorial neurological disorder with a major metabolic facet. Dietary approaches represent a commonly implemented lifestyle modifying strategy in headache clinics, yet the precise relationship between diet and migraine is still a matter of debate. The study consisted of two parts: first, in a cross-sectional design, we compared alimentary habits of migraine subjects and a control group of healthy volunteers. For the second part, we prospectively evaluated patients' daily consumption of various potentially migraine-triggering foods over a two-month period in order to examine their possible association with the occurrence of a migraine attack. Most migraine patients reported avoiding at least one potentially migraine-triggering food/drink from their diet. In spite of that, with the sole exemption of citrus fruits, there were no statistically significant differences with respect to consumption patterns between migraine patients and controls (including wine and chocolate). Consumption frequency over time was proportional to intake of potentially migraine-triggering foods the day before a migraine attack. Our results underline the need of performing trigger challenges in order to avoid falling into an association-causation fallacy when attempting to identify possible alimentary migraine triggers. Indeed, it is possible that intake of certain foods like chocolate before attacks is a consequence of pre-attack cravings or a simple coincidence facilitated by previously established dietary habits.
偏头痛是一种具有主要代谢方面的多因素神经障碍。饮食方法是头痛诊所常用的一种生活方式改变策略，但饮食与偏头痛之间的确切关系仍存在争议。该研究包括两个部分：首先，在横断面设计中，我们比较了偏头痛患者和健康志愿者对照组的饮食习惯。对于第二部分，我们前瞻性地评估了患者在两个月期间各种潜在偏头痛诱发食物的每日摄入量，以检查它们与偏头痛发作发生之间的可能关联。大多数偏头痛患者报告称，他们在饮食中至少避免了一种潜在的偏头痛诱发食物/饮料。尽管如此，除了柑橘类水果外，偏头痛患者与对照组（包括葡萄酒和巧克力）在消费模式上没有统计学上的显著差异。随着时间的推移，消费频率与偏头痛发作前一天潜在偏头痛诱发食物的摄入量成正比。我们的结果强调了进行触发挑战的必要性，以便在试图识别可能的饮食性偏头痛触发因素时避免陷入关联-因果谬误。事实上，发作前摄入某些食物（如巧克力）可能是发作前渴望的结果，或者是先前建立的饮食习惯促成的简单巧合。
