Ivić Marko, Grljušić Sonja, Plavšin Ivana, Dvojković Krešimir, Lovrić Ana, Rajković Bruno, Maričević Marko, Černe Marko, Popović Brigita, Lončarić Zdenko, Bentley Alison R, Swarbreck Stéphanie M, Šarčević Hrvoje, Novoselović Dario
Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia.
Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding (CroP-BioDiv), Zagreb, Croatia.
Front Plant Sci. 2021 Nov 18;12:682333. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.682333. eCollection 2021.
Wheat cultivars differ in their response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer, both in terms of its uptake and utilization. Characterizing this variation is an important step in improving the N use efficiency (NUE) of future cultivars while maximizing production (yield) potential. In this study, we compared the agronomic performance of 48 diverse wheat cultivars released between 1936 and 2016 at low and high N input levels in field conditions to assess the relationship between NUE and its components. Agronomic trait values were significantly lower in the low N treatment, and the cultivars tested showed a significant variation for all traits (apart from the N remobilization efficiency), indicating that response is genotype-dependent, although significant genotype × environment effects were also observed. Overall, we show a varietal improvement in NUE over time of 0.33 and 0.30% year at low and high N, respectively, and propose that this is driven predominantly by varietal selection for increased yield. More complete understanding of the components of these improvements will inform future targeted breeding and selection strategies to support a reduction in fertilizer use while maintaining productivity.
小麦品种在氮肥吸收和利用方面对氮肥的反应存在差异。了解这种差异是提高未来品种氮肥利用效率（NUE）并最大化产量潜力的重要一步。在本研究中，我们比较了1936年至2016年间发布的48个不同小麦品种在田间低氮和高氮投入水平下的农艺性能，以评估NUE与其组成部分之间的关系。低氮处理下农艺性状值显著较低，所测试的品种在所有性状（除氮素再利用效率外）上均表现出显著差异，这表明反应是基因型依赖的，尽管也观察到了显著的基因型×环境效应。总体而言，我们发现低氮和高氮条件下NUE随时间分别以每年0.33%和0.30%的速度品种改良，并提出这主要是由为提高产量而进行的品种选择驱动的。对这些改良组成部分的更全面理解将为未来有针对性的育种和选择策略提供信息，以支持在保持生产力的同时减少化肥使用。
