Herbec Aleksandra, Shahab Lion, Brown Jamie, Ubhi Harveen Kaur, Beard Emma, Matei Alexandru, West Robert
Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, UK.
Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, UCL Centre for Behaviour Change, University College London, UK.
Digit Health. 2021 Nov 23;7:20552076211058935. doi: 10.1177/20552076211058935. eCollection 2021 Jan-Dec.
Delivery of craving management tools via smartphone applications (apps) may improve smoking cessation rates, but research on such programmes remains limited, especially in real-world settings. This study evaluated the effectiveness of adding craving management tools in a cessation app (BupaQuit).
The study was a two-arm pragmatic pilot parallel randomised controlled trial, comparing a fully-automated BupaQuit app with craving management tool with a control app version without craving management tool. A total of 425 adult UK-based daily smokers were enrolled through open online recruitment (February 2015-March 2016), with no researcher involvement, and individually randomised within the app to the intervention ( = 208) or control ( = 217). The primary outcome was self-reported 14-day continuous abstinence assessed at 4-week follow-up. Secondary outcomes included 6-month point-prevalence and sustained abstinence, and app usage. The primary outcome was assessed with Fisher's exact test using intent to treat with those lost to follow-up counted as smoking. Participants were not reimbursed.
Re-contact rates were 50.4% at 4 weeks and 40.2% at 6 months. There was no significant difference between intervention and control arms on the primary outcome (13.5% vs 15.7%; = 0.58; relative risk = 0.86, 95% confidence interval = 0.54-1.36) or secondary cessation outcomes (6-month point prevalence: 14.4% vs 17.1%, = 0.51; relative risk = 0.85, 95% confidence interval = 0.54-1.32; 6-month sustained: 11.1% vs 13.4%, = 0.55; relative risk = 0.83, 95% confidence interval = 0.50-1.38). Bayes factors supported the null hypothesis ([0, 0, 1.0986] = 0.20). Usage was similar across the conditions (mean/median logins: 9.6/4 vs 10.5/5; time spent: 401.8/202 s vs 325.8/209 s).
The addition of craving management tools did not affect cessation, and the limited engagement with the app may have contributed to this.
通过智能手机应用程序（应用）提供渴望管理工具可能会提高戒烟率，但对此类计划的研究仍然有限，尤其是在现实环境中。本研究评估了在戒烟应用程序（保柏戒烟）中添加渴望管理工具的有效性。
该研究是一项双臂实用型试点平行随机对照试验，将带有渴望管理工具的全自动保柏戒烟应用与没有渴望管理工具的对照应用版本进行比较。通过公开在线招募（2015年2月至2016年3月），共招募了425名英国成年每日吸烟者，无需研究人员参与，并在应用程序内将其个体随机分为干预组（=208）或对照组（=217）。主要结局是在4周随访时自我报告的14天持续戒烟情况。次要结局包括6个月的点患病率和持续戒烟情况以及应用程序的使用情况。主要结局采用Fisher精确检验进行评估，采用意向性分析，将失访者视为继续吸烟。参与者未获得报销。
4周时重新联系率为50.4%，6个月时为40.2%。干预组和对照组在主要结局（13.5%对15.7%；=0.58；相对风险=0.86，95%置信区间=0.54-1.36）或次要戒烟结局（6个月点患病率：14.4%对17.1%，=0.51；相对风险=0.85，95%置信区间=0.54-1.32；6个月持续戒烟率：11.1%对13.4%，=0.55；相对风险=0.83，95%置信区间=0.50-1.38）上无显著差异。贝叶斯因子支持零假设（[0, 0, 1.0986]=0.20）。各条件下的使用情况相似（平均/中位数登录次数：9.6/4对10.5/5；花费时间：401.8/202秒对325.8/209秒）。
添加渴望管理工具并未影响戒烟，应用程序参与度有限可能是导致这一结果的原因。
