Chen Yuhao, Ma Yuze, Ji Qiang, Yang Xiaoru, Feng Xue, Yao Ruiyuan, Cheng Xiaoou, Li Tingting, Wang Yanfeng, Wang Zhigang
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation & Breeding of Grassland Livestock, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.
School of Life Sciences and Technology, Jining Normal University, Jining, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2021 Nov 16;8:756375. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.756375. eCollection 2021.
() is one of the main pathogens in cow mastitis, colonizing mammary tissues and being internalized into mammary epithelial cells, causing intracellular infection in the udder. Milk that is produced by cows that suffer from mastitis due to is associated with decreased production and changes in protein composition. However, there is limited information on how mastitis-inducing bacteria affect raw milk, particularly with regard to protein content and protein composition. The main purpose of this work was to examine how infection affects milk protein synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs). BMECs were infected with , and milk protein and amino acid levels were determined by ELISA after invasion. The activity of mTORC1 signaling and the transcription factors NF-κB and STAT5 and the expression of the amino acid transporters SLC1A3 and SLC7A5 were measured by western blot or immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. was internalized by BMECs , and the internalized bacteria underwent intracellular proliferation. Eight hours after invasion, milk proteins were downregulated, and the level of BMECs that absorbed Glu, Asp, and Leu from the culture medium and the exogenous amino acids induced β-casein synthesis declined. Further, the activity of mTORC1 signaling, NF-κB, and STAT5 was impaired, and and were downregulated. Eight hours of treatment with 100 nM rapamycin inhibited NF-κB and STAT5 activity, and expression, and milk protein synthesis in BMECs. Thus mTORC1 regulates the expression of and through NF-κB and STAT5. These findings constitute a model by which infection suppresses milk protein synthesis by decreasing amino acids uptake in BMECs.
()是奶牛乳腺炎的主要病原体之一,它定殖于乳腺组织并内化进入乳腺上皮细胞,导致乳房内的细胞内感染。因()患乳腺炎的奶牛所产的牛奶产量下降且蛋白质组成发生变化。然而,关于引发乳腺炎的细菌如何影响生乳,尤其是蛋白质含量和蛋白质组成的信息有限。这项工作的主要目的是研究()感染如何影响牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)中的乳蛋白合成。用()感染BMECs,侵袭后通过ELISA测定乳蛋白和氨基酸水平。通过蛋白质印迹法、免疫荧光法和RT-qPCR检测mTORC1信号通路、转录因子NF-κB和STAT5的活性以及氨基酸转运体SLC1A3和SLC7A5的表达。()被BMECs内化,内化的细菌在细胞内增殖。()侵袭8小时后,乳蛋白下调,从培养基中吸收Glu、Asp和Leu的BMECs水平以及外源氨基酸诱导的β-酪蛋白合成下降。此外,mTORC1信号通路、NF-κB和STAT5的活性受损,()和()下调。用100 nM雷帕霉素处理8小时可抑制NF-κB和STAT5活性、()和()表达以及BMECs中的乳蛋白合成。因此,mTORC1通过NF-κB和STAT5调节()和()的表达。这些发现构成了一个模型,即()感染通过减少BMECs中氨基酸的摄取来抑制乳蛋白合成。