East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Breastfeed Med. 2022 Mar;17(3):210-217. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2021.0259. Epub 2021 Dec 3.
Recently, maternal nutrient intake has been associated with human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) composition. The goal of this study was to assess HMO composition in breast milk samples from vegan, vegetarian, and nonvegetarian lactating women. Second, we assessed impact of maternal body mass index (BMI), age, parity, and lactation stage on HMO composition. A cross-sectional analysis of HMO composition from vegan ( = 26), vegetarian ( = 22), and nonvegetarian ( = 26) lactating women was carried out. The majority of participants took dietary supplements. In an unadjusted bivariate model, there was no difference in individual HMO composition, total HMO-bound fucose and HMO-bound sialic acid, or diversity and evenness scores by diet group. When adjusting for factors that significantly differed between groups (maternal BMI and lactation stage), no differences in HMO composition were observed. Secretor status was significant for 13 of the outcome variables with the strongest positive relationship with total HMO ( = 0.922) and HMO-bound fucose ( = 0.910), and the strongest negative relationship with sialyl-lacto-N-tetraose b (LSTb) ( = -0.544). Lactation stage was significant for eight analytes, with the strongest positive impact on 3'sialyllactose (3'SL) ( = 0.433), and the strongest negative impact on 6'sialyllactose (6'SL) ( = -0.519). Maternal BMI had a significant positive relationship with total HMO composition ( = 0.113) and 3'SL ( = 0.325). Lactating women who consume plant-based diets do not produce different breast milk as it relates to HMO composition.
最近，母体营养摄入与人类母乳低聚糖（HMO）组成有关。本研究的目的是评估素食、素食和非素食哺乳期妇女母乳样本中的 HMO 组成。其次，我们评估了母体体重指数（BMI）、年龄、产次和哺乳期阶段对 HMO 组成的影响。对 26 名素食者、22 名素食者和 26 名非素食者哺乳期妇女的 HMO 组成进行了横断面分析。大多数参与者都服用了膳食补充剂。在未调整的双变量模型中，按饮食组划分，个体 HMO 组成、总 HMO 结合岩藻糖和 HMO 结合唾液酸以及多样性和均匀度评分没有差异。当调整组间差异显著的因素（母体 BMI 和哺乳期阶段）时，HMO 组成没有差异。分泌状态对 13 个结果变量有显著影响，与总 HMO（ = 0.922）和 HMO 结合岩藻糖（ = 0.910）呈最强正相关，与唾液酸乳糖-N-四糖 b（LSTb）（ = -0.544）呈最强负相关。哺乳期阶段对 8 种分析物有显著影响，对 3'唾液酸乳糖（3'SL）（ = 0.433）的影响最强，对 6'唾液酸乳糖（6'SL）（ = -0.519）的影响最强。母体 BMI 与总 HMO 组成（ = 0.113）和 3'SL（ = 0.325）呈正相关。食用植物性饮食的哺乳期妇女所产母乳的 HMO 组成并无差异。
