NeuroPSI, UMR9197, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Saclay, France.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44242, USA.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Jan;132:420-432. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.12.003. Epub 2021 Dec 4.
For more than 50 years, knowledge of memory processes has been based on the consolidation hypothesis, which postulates that new memories require time to become stabilized. Two forms of the consolidation model exist. The Cellular Consolidation concept is based upon retrograde amnesia induced by amnesic treatments, the severity of which decreases as the learning to treatment increases over minutes or hours. In contrast, The Systems Consolidation model is based on post-training hippocampal lesions, which produce more severe retrograde amnesia when induced after days than after weeks. Except for the temporal parameters, Cellular and Systems Consolidation show many similarities. Here we propose that Systems consolidation, much as Cellular Consolidation (see Gisquet- Verrier and Riccio, 2018), can be explained in terms of a form of state-dependency. Accordingly, lesions of the hippocampus induce a change in the internal state of the animal, which disrupts retrieval processes. But the effect of contextual change is known to decrease with the length of the retention intervals, consistent with time-dependent retrograde amnesia. We provide evidence supporting this new view.
50 多年来，记忆过程的知识一直基于巩固假说，该假说假定新记忆需要时间才能稳定下来。有两种形式的巩固模型存在。细胞巩固概念基于遗忘性治疗引起的逆行性遗忘，随着学习到治疗的时间增加几分钟或几个小时，遗忘的严重程度会降低。相比之下，系统巩固模型基于训练后海马损伤，当在数天后而不是数周后诱导时，会产生更严重的逆行性遗忘。除了时间参数外，细胞巩固和系统巩固表现出许多相似之处。在这里，我们提出系统巩固，就像细胞巩固一样（参见 Gisquet-Verrier 和 Riccio，2018），可以用一种状态依存性来解释。因此，海马体的损伤会导致动物内部状态发生变化，从而破坏检索过程。但是，众所周知，上下文变化的影响会随着保持间隔的延长而减小，这与时间依赖性逆行性遗忘一致。我们提供了支持这一新观点的证据。
