State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Ruakura Research Centre, Private Bag, Hamilton, 3123, New Zealand.
Sci Rep. 2021 Dec 7;11(1):23531. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02947-z.
Monitoring the temporal and spatial variation of soil properties is helpful to understand the evolution of soil properties and adjust the management method in time. Soil fertility evaluation is an urgent need to understand soil fertility level and prevent soil degradation. Here, we conducted an intensive field investigation in Chinese hickory (Carya cathayensis Sarg.) plantation to clarify the spatial and temporal variation of soil properties and its influencing factors, and to evaluate the change of soil fertility. The results showed that the soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) significantly increased from 2008 to 2018, while available nitrogen (AN) significantly decreased from 2008 to 2018. The semi-variance revealed that except available phosphorus (AP), the spatial dependencies of soil properties increased from 2008 to 2018. An increasing south-north gradient was found for soil AN, AP, available potassium (AK) and SOC and a decreasing south-north gradient was found for soil pH. The average soil fertility in the whole area was increased from 2008 to 2018. Our findings demonstrated that the changes of the management measures were the reason for the change of soil properties from 2008 to 2018. Therefore, rational fertilization strategies and sod cultivation are recommended to maintain the long-term development of the producing forest.
监测土壤性质的时空变化有助于了解土壤性质的演变，并及时调整管理方法。土壤肥力评价是了解土壤肥力水平和防止土壤退化的迫切需要。在这里，我们对中国山核桃（Carya cathayensis Sarg.）人工林进行了密集的实地调查，以阐明土壤性质的时空变化及其影响因素，并评估土壤肥力的变化。结果表明，土壤 pH 值和土壤有机碳（SOC）从 2008 年到 2018 年显著增加，而有效氮（AN）从 2008 年到 2018 年显著减少。半方差分析表明，除有效磷（AP）外，土壤性质的空间依赖性从 2008 年到 2018 年增加。土壤 AN、AP、有效钾（AK）和 SOC 呈南高北低的梯度分布，而土壤 pH 值则呈北高南低的梯度分布。整个区域的平均土壤肥力从 2008 年到 2018 年增加。我们的研究结果表明，管理措施的变化是 2008 年至 2018 年土壤性质变化的原因。因此，建议采取合理的施肥策略和草皮种植，以维持生产林的长期发展。
