Gaidar Sergey, Kazak Anastasia, Barchukova Alina, Kozlov Andrey
Department of Materials Science and Engineering Technology, Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Biotechnology and Breeding in Crop Production, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Northern Trans-Ural State Agricultural University, Tyumen, Russia.
Scientifica (Cairo). 2024 Mar 7;2024:2763147. doi: 10.1155/2024/2763147. eCollection 2024.
The study's main aim was to evaluate the effects of complex mineral fertilizers on the complex properties of heavy loam soils in the grey forests of Russia in terms of applying individual soil nutrition components from experiments with fodder beets. This study employed a rigorous and systematic approach to accomplish the defined goal. Specifically, the research was conducted within a seven-field crop rotation system, with fodder beets serving as the primary experimental crop. In addition, a model experiment resembling a vegetation trial was undertaken, incorporating seven distinct schemes involving various types of fertilizers. This design facilitated the evaluation of the effectiveness of each fertilizer type. The study results demonstrate that complex fertilizers impact the soil's chemical and biophysical parameters. Soil acidity decreases through the use of complex, high-nitrogen fertilizers. Major chemical nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) in plant biomass and soil also have a high degree of transition. It is explained by the effects of combining elements on the destruction intensity of the crystalline lattice in the basic structures of potassium, phosphorus, and nitrogen. There is also evidence that complex fertilizers can improve humus quality and replenish its reserves. All the aforementioned impacts of complex fertilizers on the crop contribute to the high productivity and yield of forage beet. The results of the study may help optimize the fertilization process, improve the quality and quantity of agricultural products, as well as increase soil fertility, and reduce the negative impact of agrochemicals on the environment.
该研究的主要目的是，根据饲料甜菜实验中单独的土壤养分成分施用情况，评估复合矿物肥料对俄罗斯灰色森林地区重壤土复杂性质的影响。本研究采用了严谨且系统的方法来实现既定目标。具体而言，该研究在七田轮作系统内进行，饲料甜菜作为主要实验作物。此外，还开展了一项类似植被试验的模型实验，纳入了涉及各种肥料类型的七种不同方案。这种设计便于评估每种肥料类型的有效性。研究结果表明，复合肥料会影响土壤的化学和生物物理参数。通过使用复合高氮肥，土壤酸度会降低。植物生物量和土壤中的主要化学养分（氮、磷和钾）也有很高的转化率。这是由于元素组合对钾、磷和氮基本结构中晶格破坏强度的影响所致。还有证据表明，复合肥料可以改善腐殖质质量并补充其储量。复合肥料对作物的所有上述影响有助于提高饲料甜菜的生产力和产量。该研究结果可能有助于优化施肥过程，提高农产品的质量和数量，以及提高土壤肥力，并减少农用化学品对环境的负面影响。
