Rodrigues Nara Letícia Pedroso Ramos, Moreira Amanda Sorce, Lucca Sergio Roberto de
Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2021 Dec 1;37(11):e00246620. doi: 10.1590/0102-311X00246620. eCollection 2021.
In the struggle for survival, millions of people submit to deregulated and informal work. Taking advantage of this, app-based companies have attracted growing numbers of workers under the fallacy of entrepreneurship. The current study aimed to describe the biosocial profile of these workers, the work process, and forms of company control, besides analyzing the principal and emerging aspects in the respective participants. This is a scoping study in which data collection was oriented by the question, "What has been produced in the scientific literature on the profile and risks of app-based work?" from 2014 to 2020. Content analysis revealed thematic dimensions: the growth of apps in Brazil and worker relations; the profile of app-based workers; and their work exposure and demands for working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The professional dynamic of app-based workers is marked by subordination, domination, and exhaustion. The fact that their employment relationship is not acknowledged does not deprive them of rights, dignity, and quality of life in the workplace. Spontaneous organization without trade union intermediation in this category of workers, backing a common agenda of demands to be discussed with other representatives of society, denotes the high degree of exploitation and precariousness and could suggest the path for app companies to adopt the principles of dignified, decent work.
在生存斗争中,数以百万计的人从事不受监管的非正规工作。基于此,一些应用程序公司利用创业的谬论吸引了越来越多的工人。本研究旨在描述这些工人的生物社会特征、工作流程和公司控制形式,此外还分析了各参与者的主要和新出现的方面。这是一项范围界定研究,数据收集围绕“2014年至2020年关于基于应用程序工作的概况和风险的科学文献中有哪些内容?”这一问题展开。内容分析揭示了主题维度:巴西应用程序的增长与工人关系;基于应用程序的工人概况;以及他们在新冠疫情期间的工作暴露情况和对工作条件的要求。基于应用程序的工人的职业动态以从属、支配和疲惫为特征。他们的雇佣关系未得到承认这一事实,并不剥夺他们在工作场所的权利、尊严和生活质量。这类工人在没有工会中介的情况下自发组织起来,支持与社会其他代表讨论的共同需求议程,这表明了高度的剥削和不稳定,也可能为应用程序公司采用体面、尊严工作原则指明道路。