Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Hamostaseologie. 2022 Aug;42(4):240-247. doi: 10.1055/a-1661-0283. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) infection is associated with high risk of venous and arterial thrombosis. Thrombotic complications, especially pulmonary embolism, lead to increased all-cause mortality in both intensive care unit and noncritically ill patients. Damage and activation of vascular endothelium, platelet activation, followed by thrombotic and fibrinolytic imbalance as well as hypercoagulability are the key pathomechanisms in immunothrombosis leading to a significant increase in thromboembolism in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared with other acute illnesses. In this review article, we discuss the incidence and prognosis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of venous thromboembolism in patients with COVID-19 disease, based on clinical experience and research available to date.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染与静脉和动脉血栓形成的风险增加相关。血栓并发症，特别是肺栓塞，导致重症监护病房和非危重病患者的全因死亡率增加。血管内皮损伤和激活、血小板激活，随后血栓形成和纤维蛋白溶解失衡以及高凝状态是导致免疫血栓形成的关键病理生理机制，与其他急性疾病相比，导致 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）中血栓栓塞的发生率显著增加。在这篇综述文章中，我们根据目前可获得的临床经验和研究，讨论了 COVID-19 患者静脉血栓栓塞的发生率和预后、诊断、预防和治疗。
