Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; Department of Livestock Services, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.
Department of Parasitology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2021 Dec;26:100656. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100656. Epub 2021 Oct 24.
Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is popularly known as the black gold of South Asia, consisting of 97% of the world buffalo population. Among the parasitic infections, Toxocara vitulorum is one of the most common and harmful parasites of buffalo calves in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the prevalence and associated risk factors of T. vitulorum infection of buffalo calves in four regions of Bangladesh. A total of 1751 fecal samples were collected and examined using flotation followed by the McMaster technique for counting the eggs per gram of feces (EPG) of T. vitulorum. The overall prevalence of T. vitulorum infection in buffalo calves was 22.9%. Significantly (p < 0.001) higher prevalence was found in the Barishal coastal area (35.7%) followed by Chattogram coastal area (29.2%), northeastern region (15.5%) and northwestern region (8.3%). Buffalo calves aged 1-3 months were heavily infected with T. vitulorum (51.7%) which was statistically different (p < 0.001) compared to those >3-6 months (27.6%) and > 6-12 months (6.5%). According to univariate analysis, coastal regions, rainy season, young age, gender, indigenous river type, buffalo calves with poor body condition and soft feces were found significantly associated with T. vitulorum infections. Coastal regions, rainy season and young age were identified as the risk factors of T. vitulorum infection in buffalo calves by final logistic regression model. This study reveals that T. vitulorum infection is endemic in Bangladesh and widely distributed in the coastal regions. Therefore, attention to buffalo calves regarding in-depth clinical effects and current therapeutic approaches against this nematode should be evaluated along with the economic impact of infection. Exploring the genetic diversity of T. vitulorum may help to reveal the host-parasite relationship in the future.
水牛（Bubalus bubalis）在南亚俗称“黑黄金”，占世界水牛种群的 97%。在寄生虫感染中，旋毛形线虫是孟加拉国水牛犊最常见和危害最大的寄生虫之一。本研究采用横断面研究，在孟加拉国四个地区调查了水牛犊旋毛形线虫感染的流行情况和相关危险因素。共采集 1751 份粪便样本，采用漂浮法和麦克马斯特计数法检测粪便中旋毛形线虫虫卵（EPG）计数。水牛犊旋毛形线虫感染的总流行率为 22.9%。在巴瑞萨沿海地区（35.7%）和吉大港沿海地区（29.2%）显著高于东北部地区（15.5%）和西北部地区（8.3%）（p<0.001）。1-3 月龄的水牛犊感染旋毛形线虫较为严重（51.7%），与>3-6 月龄（27.6%）和>6-12 月龄（6.5%）相比，差异有统计学意义（p<0.001）。单因素分析显示，沿海地区、雨季、幼龄、性别、本地河流类型、身体状况差和软粪便的水牛犊与旋毛形线虫感染显著相关。最终的逻辑回归模型确定沿海地区、雨季和幼龄是水牛犊旋毛形线虫感染的危险因素。本研究表明，旋毛形线虫感染在孟加拉国流行，并广泛分布于沿海地区。因此，应关注水牛犊的临床影响和现有治疗方法，同时评估感染的经济影响。探索旋毛形线虫的遗传多样性有助于揭示未来的宿主-寄生虫关系。
