University of Wyoming, Department of Veterinary Sciences, USA.
University of Wyoming, Department of Molecular Biology, USA.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2021 Dec;26:100627. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100627. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
The American bison (Bison bison) is an iconic native wildlife species of the Great Plains of North America. Recently, farmed bison have also gained importance to the livestock industry across the United States and Canada. One of the common diseases in young bison is coccidiosis, a diarrheal disease caused by protozoa that can result in significant morbidity. The goal of the present study was to investigate occurrence and identity of bison coccidia of the genus Eimeria in both farmed and free-ranging bison with focus on potential Eimeria species transmissibility between bison and cattle. Individual bison (up to one year of age) were sampled across Wyoming, Colorado, Nebraska, and South Dakota on six bison ranches (n = 137) and in two free-range herds (n = 70). Eimeria populations were assessed by fecal analyses. Morphological identification revealed presence of oocysts consistent with Eimeria (E.) bovis, E. zuernii, E. ellipsoidalis, E. cylindrica, E. alabamensis, E. auburnensis, E. canadensis, E. pellita, E. subspherica, and E. bukidnonensis, all of which are described in cattle. Additional Eimeria species specific ITS1 sequencing data along with generated phylogenetic maximum likelihood trees suggest that Eimeria species from cattle, namely E. bovis, E. zuernii, E. alabamensis, E. cylindrica, E. brasiliensis, E. ellipsoidalis, and E. wyomingensis, are genetically consistent with the detected bison coccidia. In conclusion, the study results indicate that bison harbor a variety of Eimeria species and bison Eimeria species appear to be transmissible between different bovine species such as bison and cattle.
美洲野牛（Bison bison）是北美大平原地区具有代表性的本土野生动物物种。最近，养殖野牛对美国和加拿大的畜牧业也变得越来越重要。野牛幼崽的一种常见疾病是球虫病，这是一种由原生动物引起的腹泻病，可导致高发病率。本研究的目的是调查农场饲养和自由放养的野牛中艾美尔球虫属（Eimeria）的发生情况和种类，重点研究野牛和牛之间潜在的艾美尔球虫种的传染性。在怀俄明州、科罗拉多州、内布拉斯加州和南达科他州的六个野牛牧场（n=137）和两个自由放养的牛群（n=70）中，对个体野牛（年龄不超过一岁）进行了采样。通过粪便分析评估艾美尔球虫种群。形态学鉴定显示存在与牛艾美尔球虫（Eimeria）（E. bovis、E. zuernii、E. ellipsoidalis、E. cylindrica、E. alabamensis、E. auburnensis、E. canadensis、E. pellita、E. subspherica 和 E. bukidnonensis）一致的卵囊，所有这些都在牛中被描述过。额外的艾美尔球虫种特异性 ITS1 测序数据以及生成的系统发育最大似然树表明，来自牛的艾美尔球虫种，即 E. bovis、E. zuernii、E. alabamensis、E. cylindrica、E. brasiliensis、E. ellipsoidalis 和 E. wyomingensis，在遗传上与检测到的野牛球虫一致。总之，研究结果表明，野牛携带多种艾美尔球虫，野牛艾美尔球虫似乎可以在不同的牛科物种（如野牛和牛）之间传播。
