Department of Veterinary Diagnostics and Research, National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Parasitol Res. 2013 Aug;112 Suppl 1:169-76. doi: 10.1007/s00436-013-3441-0.
The study collected up-to-date data on prevalence and importance of Eimeria infections in Danish dairy calves with suspected clinical eimeriosis and analysed correlation between Eimeria spp., oocyst excretion and diarrhoea. From October 2010 through August 2011, veterinarians collected faecal samples from dairy herds (n = 52) with > 50 cows and a history of diarrhoea in young stock. Individual faecal samples were collected 3–4 weeks following re-housing to common pens from calves (n = 453) aged 3 weeks to 6 months. Faecal consistency and total number of oocysts per gram of faeces (opg) were determined, along with opg values for the specific Eimeria spp. Association between opg and faeces consistency was evaluated in a multinomial, logistic regression model. Overall prevalence of Eimeria spp. was 96.2 % with a prevalence of 60.9 % in individual calves. E. zuernii and/or E. bovis were detected in 88.5 % of the herds and 41.5 % of the calves. Mean opg was 2,040 (range 0–114,000) in the calves, of which 18.1 % had opg values ≥ 1,000. A total of 12 Eimeria spp. was found with the following calf prevalences: E. ellipsoidalis (37 %), E. zuernii (32 %), E. bovis (28 %), E. cylindrica (23 %), E. auburnensis (23 %), E. canadensis (10 %), E. subspherica (8 %), E. alabamensis (7 %), E. bukidnonensis (3 %), E. wyomingensis (1 %), E. pellita (0.2 %), E. brasiliensis (0.2 %). Mixed infections were present in all but one Eimeria-positive herds. Diarrhoea was seen in 35.9 % of the calves, and a significant (p = 0.003) positive correlation was detected between diarrhoea and total opg as well as diarrhoea and oocyst excretion for E. zuernii (p = 0.03), E. bovis (p = 0.05) and E. cylindrica (p = 0.04). No such relationship could be detected for E. ellipsoidalis (p = 0.87), E. subspherica (p = 0.54) or E. auburnensis (p = 0.10). Further studies should focus on possible synergistic effects of multiple Eimeria spp. infections as well as interaction between Eimeria spp. and other enteric pathogens.
本研究收集了丹麦奶牛犊疑似隐孢子虫病的最新流行率和重要性数据，并分析了隐孢子虫属、卵囊排泄和腹泻之间的相关性。2010 年 10 月至 2011 年 8 月，兽医从有 50 头以上奶牛且有小牛腹泻史的奶牛群（n=52）中采集粪便样本。对 3 至 6 周龄的小牛（n=453）重新安置到普通围栏后，每周采集一次粪便样本。确定粪便稠度和每克粪便中的卵囊数（opg），以及特定隐孢子虫属的 opg 值。采用多项逻辑回归模型评估 opg 与粪便稠度之间的关系。隐孢子虫属的总体流行率为 96.2%，个体犊牛的流行率为 60.9%。88.5%的牛群和 41.5%的犊牛检测到 E. zuernii 和/或 E. bovis。犊牛的平均 opg 值为 2040（范围 0-114000），其中 18.1%的 opg 值≥1000。共发现 12 种隐孢子虫属，以下是犊牛的流行率：E. ellipsoidalis（37%）、E. zuernii（32%）、E. bovis（28%）、E. cylindrica（23%）、E. auburnensis（23%）、E. canadensis（10%）、E. subspherica（8%）、E. alabamensis（7%）、E. bukidnonensis（3%）、E. wyomingensis（1%）、E. pellita（0.2%）、E. brasiliensis（0.2%）。除了一个隐孢子虫属阳性牛群外，其他牛群均有混合感染。35.9%的犊牛出现腹泻，腹泻与总 opg 以及与 E. zuernii（p=0.03）、E. bovis（p=0.05）和 E. cylindrica（p=0.04）卵囊排泄呈显著正相关。然而，在 E. ellipsoidalis（p=0.87）、E. subspherica（p=0.54）和 E. auburnensis（p=0.10）中未发现这种关系。还应进一步研究多种隐孢子虫属感染的协同作用以及隐孢子虫属与其他肠道病原体之间的相互作用。
