Azhahianambi Palavesam, Madhanmohan Muthukrishnan, Madan N, Kumaran D, Latha Mala Priyadharshini M, Bharathi R, Senthilkumar T M A, Manoharan Seeralan
Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India.
Vaccine Research Centre - Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madharavam Milk Colony, Chennai 600 051, India.
Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports. 2021 Dec;26:100628. doi: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2021.100628. Epub 2021 Aug 30.
Bovine tropical theileriosis (BTT) is a tick-borne protozoan disease of cattle and responsible for major economic losses to the dairy farmers in India. This report describes diagnosis, genotyping and successful treatment of heavy infection of Theileria annulata in an organized dairy farm at Kattupakkam, Chennai. Four cross bred cows of 2 to 5 years of age showed clinical signs i.e., anorexia, salivation and panting. Clinical examination revealed pyrexia (40.0 °C to 40.1 °C), pale mucus membranes, enlarged prescapular lymph nodes and haemoglobinuria. The peripheral blood smear examination of infected cows revealed presence of piroplasm within the RBCs indicating high parasitemia. Haematology results suggested that decreased levels of Hb, RBC, WBC and PCV in the infected cows when compared with normal reference values. There were increased serum ALT and AST values and reduced serum total protein, albumin, calcium and phosphorous values in the infected cows. Semi-nested PCR using T. annulata specific oligonucleotide primers amplified 199 bp of the partial T. annulata 18S rRNA gene. Presence of four satellite markers TS6, TS8, TS9, and TS12 in the Theileria annulata isolates 1 and 2 indicating that the isolates were the same haplotype and suggested the infection in the farm was due to a single haplotype of T. annulata parasite. Based on the clinical signs, microscopic examination of blood smear and molecular diagnosis, the condition was diagnosed as tropical theileriosis. Infected cows were successfully treated with a single deep intramuscular injection of buparvaquone (Zubion®, INTAS pharmaceuticals LTD, Ahmedabad, India) along with supportive medication.
牛热带泰勒虫病（BTT）是一种由蜱传播的牛原生动物疾病，给印度奶农造成了重大经济损失。本报告描述了在钦奈卡图帕克姆一个规模化奶牛场中对环形泰勒虫重度感染的诊断、基因分型及成功治疗。4头2至5岁的杂交奶牛出现了临床症状，即厌食、流涎和气喘。临床检查发现发热（40.0℃至40.1℃）、黏膜苍白、肩前淋巴结肿大和血红蛋白尿。对感染奶牛的外周血涂片检查显示红细胞内存在梨形虫，表明寄生虫血症水平较高。血液学结果表明，与正常参考值相比，感染奶牛的血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞和红细胞压积水平降低。感染奶牛的血清谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶值升高，血清总蛋白、白蛋白、钙和磷值降低。使用环形泰勒虫特异性寡核苷酸引物进行的半巢式PCR扩增出了199bp的环形泰勒虫部分18S rRNA基因。环形泰勒虫分离株1和2中存在四个卫星标记TS6、TS8、TS9和TS12，表明这些分离株属于同一单倍型，提示该农场的感染是由环形泰勒虫寄生虫的单一单倍型引起的。根据临床症状、血涂片显微镜检查和分子诊断，该病被诊断为热带泰勒虫病。感染奶牛通过单次深部肌肉注射丁萘脒（Zubion®，印度艾哈迈达巴德INTAS制药有限公司）并辅以支持性药物治疗后成功治愈。
