Ng Alison, Woods Jill, Jahn Theresa, Jones Lyndon W, Sullivan Ritter Jenna
Centre for Ocular Research & Education (CORE), University of Waterloo School of Optometry & Vision Science, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
Nature's Way Canada, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Optom Vis Sci. 2022 Jan 1;99(1):67-75. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001826.
Supplementing diet with a novel combination of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids significantly improved symptoms in extremely symptomatic participants with dry eye disease (DED).
This study aimed to determine the effect of daily intake of a novel combination of essential fatty acids on signs and symptoms of DED.
Participants with moderate to severe DED were enrolled in a prospective, randomized, double-masked parallel group study. Participants ingested either the treatment supplement containing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (1200 mg eicosapentaenoic acid, 300 mg docosahexaenoic acid, 150 mg γ-linoleic acid) or the placebo (coconut and olive oil) daily for 3 months. To determine compliance, Omega-3 Index blood tests were conducted. At baseline and at 1 and 3 months, the following assessments were conducted: Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire and Symptom Assessment Questionnaire in Dry Eye, noninvasive tear breakup time, tear meniscus height, tear osmolarity, ocular redness, surface staining, Schirmer test, and meibography.
Fifty participants (mean ± standard deviation baseline OSDI score, 52.2 ± 16.5) completed the study: 24 randomized to treatment and 26 randomized to placebo. Although there was an improvement in OSDI score at 3 months for both groups (treatment: -13.4 points, P = .003; placebo: -7.8 points, P = .02), participants with baseline OSDI scores >52 demonstrated an even larger significant improvement in symptoms with the treatment at 3 months compared with baseline (n = 13, -20.8 points, P = .002). There were no significant changes in any of the ocular assessments at 1 or 3 months (all P > .05). After 3 months, Omega-3 Index increased by 34% in the treatment group (baseline, 5.3 ± 0.8; 3 months, 8.0 ± 2.1; P < .001) and did not change in the placebo group (baseline, 4.8 ± 0.8; 3 months, 4.8 ± 0.6; P = .95).
Supplementation with eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, and γ-linoleic acid resulted in a significant and clinically meaningful improvement of dry eye symptoms in extremely symptomatic participants with DED (OSDI ≥52).
用ω-3和ω-6脂肪酸的新型组合补充饮食，可显著改善干眼症（DED）症状极其严重的参与者的症状。
本研究旨在确定每日摄入必需脂肪酸的新型组合对DED体征和症状的影响。
中度至重度DED参与者被纳入一项前瞻性、随机、双盲平行组研究。参与者每天摄入含有ω-3和ω-6脂肪酸的治疗补充剂（1200毫克二十碳五烯酸、300毫克二十二碳六烯酸、150毫克γ-亚麻酸）或安慰剂（椰子油和橄榄油），持续3个月。为确定依从性，进行了ω-3指数血液检测。在基线、1个月和3个月时，进行了以下评估：眼表疾病指数（OSDI）问卷和干眼症状评估问卷、非侵入性泪膜破裂时间、泪河高度、泪液渗透压、眼部发红、表面染色、泪液分泌试验和睑板腺造影。
50名参与者（基线OSDI评分平均值±标准差，52.2±16.5）完成了研究：24名随机分配至治疗组，26名随机分配至安慰剂组。尽管两组在3个月时OSDI评分均有改善（治疗组：-13.4分，P = 0.003；安慰剂组：-7.8分，P = 0.02），但基线OSDI评分>52的参与者在3个月时与基线相比，治疗组症状改善更为显著（n = 13，-20.8分，P = 0.002）。在1个月或3个月时，任何眼部评估均无显著变化（所有P>0.05）。3个月后，治疗组的ω-3指数增加了34%（基线，5.3±0.8；3个月，8.0±2.1；P<0.001），而安慰剂组未变化（基线，4.8±0.8；3个月，4.8±0.6；P = 0.95）。
补充二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸和γ-亚麻酸可使DED症状极其严重的参与者（OSDI≥52）的干眼症状得到显著且具有临床意义的改善。
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