College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China.
Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China.
Molecules. 2021 Dec 3;26(23):7352. doi: 10.3390/molecules26237352.
G-quadruplexes can bind with hemin to form peroxidase-like DNAzymes that are widely used in the design of biosensors. However, the catalytic activity of G-quadruplex/hemin DNAzyme is relatively low compared with natural peroxidase, which hampers its sensitivity and, thus, its application in the detection of nucleic acids. In this study, we developed a high-sensitivity biosensor targeting norovirus nucleic acids through rationally introducing a dimeric G-quadruplex structure into the DNAzyme. In this strategy, two separate molecular beacons each having a G-quadruplex-forming sequence embedded in the stem structure are brought together through hybridization with a target DNA strand, and thus forms a three-way junction architecture and allows a dimeric G-quadruplex to form, which, upon binding with hemin, has a synergistic enhancement of catalytic activities. This provides a high-sensitivity colorimetric readout by the catalyzing HO-mediated oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline -6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). Up to 10 nM of target DNA can be detected through colorimetric observation with the naked eye using our strategy. Hence, our approach provides a non-amplifying, non-labeling, simple-operating, cost-effective colorimetric biosensing method for target nucleic acids, such as norovirus-conserved sequence detection, and highlights the further implication of higher-order multimerized G-quadruplex structures in the design of high-sensitivity biosensors.
G-四链体可以与血红素结合形成过氧化物酶样 DNA 酶,广泛应用于生物传感器的设计中。然而,与天然过氧化物酶相比,G-四链体/血红素 DNA 酶的催化活性相对较低,这限制了其灵敏度,从而限制了其在核酸检测中的应用。在本研究中,我们通过在 DNA 酶中合理引入二聚体 G-四链体结构,开发了一种针对诺如病毒核酸的高灵敏度生物传感器。在该策略中,两个单独的分子信标,每个分子信标在茎结构中嵌入一个 G-四链体形成序列,通过与靶 DNA 链杂交而聚集在一起,从而形成三链结结构,并允许形成二聚体 G-四链体,与血红素结合后,具有协同增强的催化活性。这通过 HO 介导的 2,2'-联氮双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS)的氧化提供了高灵敏度的比色读出。通过使用我们的策略进行肉眼比色观察,可以检测低至 10 nM 的靶 DNA。因此,我们的方法为目标核酸(如诺如病毒保守序列检测)提供了一种非扩增、非标记、简单操作、具有成本效益的比色生物传感方法,并突出了更高阶的多聚化 G-四链体结构在高灵敏度生物传感器设计中的进一步意义。
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