俄罗斯人群中糖尿病视网膜病变的患病率及相关因素。乌拉尔眼与医学研究。
Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in a Russian Population. The Ural Eye and Medical Study.
作者信息
Bikbov Mukharram M, Gilmanshin Timur R, Zainullin Rinat M, Kazakbaeva Gyulli M, Nuriyev Ildar F, Zaynetdinov Artur F, Panda-Jonas Songhomitrra, Bikbova Guzel M, Rakhimova Ellina M, Rusakova Iulia A, Khalimov Timur A, Safiullina Kamila R, Fakhretdinova Albina A, Tuliakova Azaliia M, Gizzatov Ainur V, Jonas Jost B
机构信息
Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia.
Privatpraxis Prof Jonas und Dr Panda-Jonas, Heidelberg, Germany.
出版信息
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Dec 3;14:4723-4734. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S340211. eCollection 2021.
AIM
To assess prevalence and associated factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a Russian population.
METHODS
Out of 7328 eligible individuals, the population-based cross-sectional Ural Eye and Medical Study included 5899 (80.5%) individuals aged 40+ years, who underwent a detailed medical and ophthalmological examination. Using ocular fundus photographs and optical coherence tomographic images, we assessed prevalence and degree of DR in 5105 participants.
RESULTS
DR was present in 99/5105 individuals (1.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.6, 2.3). Its prevalence increased from 6/657 (1.0%; 95% CI: 0.2, 1.6) in the age group of 45-50 years to 24/680 (3.5%; 95% CI: 2.1, 4.9) in the age group of 65-70 years, and decreased to 3/153 (2.0%; 95% CI: 0.00, 4.2) in the age group of 80+ years. DR prevalence within the 577 (11.4%; 95% CI: 10.5, 12.2) individuals with diabetes was 99/577 (17.2%; 95% CI: 14.1, 20.2). DR was the cause for moderate-to-severe vision impairment (best corrected visual acuity <6/18 but ≥3/60) in four individuals (4/5105; 0.07%). In multivariable analysis, higher DR prevalence was associated with higher serum glucose concentration (odds ratio [OR]: 1.30; 95% CI: 1.20, 141), longer diabetes duration (OR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.09), type of diabetes therapy (nil/diet/oral/insulin) (OR:4.19;95% CI:3.08, 5.70), lower educational level (OR:0.81;95% CI:0.67, 0.98), lower manual dynamometric force (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.99), shorter ocular axial length (OR: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.96), and higher diastolic blood pressure (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.06), or alternatively, higher estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.18).
CONCLUSION
In this urban and rural Russian population aged 40+ years, DR prevalence was relatively low (1.9%; 95% CI: 1.6, 2.3), showed an inverted U-shaped association with age, and in a cross-sectional study design it was associated with shorter axial length and higher estimated cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
目的
评估俄罗斯人群中糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的患病率及相关因素。
方法
在7328名符合条件的个体中，基于人群的横断面乌拉尔眼与医学研究纳入了5899名（80.5%）40岁及以上的个体，这些个体接受了详细的医学和眼科检查。我们使用眼底照片和光学相干断层扫描图像，评估了5105名参与者中DR的患病率和程度。
结果
5105名个体中有99名（1.9%；95%置信区间[CI]：1.6，2.3）存在DR。其患病率从45 - 50岁年龄组的6/657（1.0%；95% CI：0.2，1.6）增加到65 - 70岁年龄组的24/680（3.5%；95% CI：2.1，4.9），并在80岁及以上年龄组降至3/153（2.0%；95% CI：0.00，4.2）。在577名（11.4%；95% CI：10.5，12.2）患有糖尿病的个体中，DR患病率为99/577（17.2%；95% CI：14.1，20.2）。DR是导致4名个体（4/5105；0.07%）出现中度至重度视力损害（最佳矫正视力<6/18但≥3/60）的原因。在多变量分析中，较高的DR患病率与较高的血糖浓度（比值比[OR]：1.30；95% CI：1.20，1.41）、较长的糖尿病病程（OR：1.06；95% CI：1.02，1.09）、糖尿病治疗类型（无/饮食/口服/胰岛素）（OR：4.19；95% CI：3.08，5.70）、较低的教育水平（OR：0.81；95% CI：0.67，0.98）、较低的握力（OR：0.96；95% CI：0.94，0.99）、较短的眼轴长度（OR：0.73；95% CI：0.56，0.96）以及较高的舒张压（OR：1.04；C：1.01，1.06）或较高的估计脑脊液压力（OR：1.09；95% CI：1.01，1.18）相关。
结论
在这个40岁及以上的俄罗斯城乡人群中，DR患病率相对较低（1.9%；95% CI：1.6，2.3），与年龄呈倒U形关联，并且在横断面研究设计中，它与较短的眼轴长度和较高的估计脑脊液压力相关。
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