Department of Urban Planning and Environment, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 10;16(12):e0261319. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261319. eCollection 2021.
Having timely access to emergency health care (EHC) depends largely on where you live. In this Scandinavian case study, we investigate how accessibility to EHC varies spatially in order to reveal potential socio-spatial disparities in access. Distinct measures of EHC accessibility were calculated for southern Sweden in a network analysis using a Geographical Information System (GIS) based on data from 2018. An ANOVA test was carried out to investigate how accessibility vary for different measures between urban and rural areas, and negative binominal regression modelling was then carried out to assess potential disparities in accessibility between socioeconomic and demographic groups. Areas with high shares of older adults show poor access to EHC, especially those in the most remote, rural areas. However, rurality alone does not preclude poor access to EHC. Education, income and proximity to ambulance stations were also associated with EHC accessibility, but not always in expected ways. Despite indications of a well-functioning EHC, with most areas served within one hour, socio-spatial disparities in access to EHC were detected both between places and population groups.
及时获得紧急医疗保健（EHC）在很大程度上取决于您的居住地。在这项斯堪的纳维亚案例研究中，我们调查了 EHC 的可达性在空间上的差异，以揭示获取途径方面的潜在社会空间差异。使用基于 2018 年数据的地理信息系统（GIS）在网络分析中为瑞典南部计算了不同的 EHC 可达性指标。进行方差分析检验以调查不同措施在城乡之间的可达性差异，然后进行负二项式回归建模，以评估社会经济和人口群体之间获取途径的潜在差异。老年人比例较高的地区 EHC 可达性较差，尤其是最偏远的农村地区。然而，农村地区本身并不排除 EHC 可达性差。教育、收入和与救护车站的距离也与 EHC 可达性相关，但并不总是以预期的方式相关。尽管 EHC 运行良好，大多数地区在一小时内都能得到服务，但在不同地区和人群中仍发现了 EHC 获取途径的社会空间差异。
