Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; College of Stomatology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, Shanghai, China; National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Mar 1;810:152229. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152229. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
The seasonal variation of oral diseases has been observed in life, but the influences of oral diseases associated with non-optimal ambient temperature were unknown.
To examine whether non-optimum ambient temperature is associated with increased risks of oral diseases.
We conducted a time series study based on outpatient data from the Shanghai Health Information Center, containing all public hospitals in Shanghai from 2016 to 2019. Generalized additive models with distributed lagged nonlinear models were applied to fit the data.
A total of 3,882,636 outpatient cases of oral diseases were collected. Low temperature (<7 °C) posed increased risks for oral diseases. Daily temperature above 7 °C had no effect on oral diseases. The excess risks were present on the lag 1 day and lasted till lag 7 day. Relative to referent temperatures, the cumulative risks of total oral diseases, pulpitis, periodontitis, gum pain, stomatitis, and glossitis at extreme low temperature (-3 °C, 1st percentile) over lag 0-7 day were 1.92 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.40, 2.63), 2.40 (95% CI: 1.78, 3.25), 1.62 (95% CI: 1.15, 2.29), 1.75 (95% CI: 1.08, 2.83), 1.81 (95% CI: 1.30, 2.53), and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.23, 3.99). These associations were larger in patients who were above age 60.
This study provided novel epidemiological evidence that low ambient temperature may increase the risks of oral diseases. The temperature thresholds for eight oral diseases range from 3 to 7 °C. The excess risks could last for 7 days and were larger in older patients.
人们在日常生活中观察到口腔疾病存在季节性变化，但与非最佳环境温度相关的口腔疾病的影响尚不清楚。
研究非最佳环境温度是否与口腔疾病风险增加有关。
我们基于上海卫生信息中心的门诊数据进行了一项时间序列研究，该数据包含了 2016 年至 2019 年上海所有公立医院的信息。采用广义加性模型和分布式滞后非线性模型来拟合数据。
共收集了 3882636 例口腔疾病门诊病例。低温（<7°C）会增加口腔疾病的风险。日温度高于 7°C 对口腔疾病没有影响。在滞后 1 天至滞后 7 天期间存在超额风险。与参考温度相比，在滞后 0-7 天内，极低温（-3°C，第 1 百分位数）下总口腔疾病、牙髓炎、牙周炎、牙龈疼痛、口炎和舌炎的累积风险分别为 1.92（95%置信区间，CI：1.40，2.63）、2.40（95% CI：1.78，3.25）、1.62（95% CI：1.15，2.29）、1.75（95% CI：1.08，2.83）、1.81（95% CI：1.30，2.53）和 2.22（95% CI：1.23，3.99）。这些关联在年龄大于 60 岁的患者中更大。
本研究提供了新的流行病学证据，表明低环境温度可能会增加口腔疾病的风险。八种口腔疾病的温度阈值范围在 3 至 7°C 之间。超额风险可持续 7 天，在老年患者中更大。
