College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
Planta. 2021 Dec 11;255(1):19. doi: 10.1007/s00425-021-03804-z.
FaMAPK5 and FaMAPK10 genes were involved in ABA-mediated strawberry fruit ripening and could enhance the antioxidant capacity by increasing non-enzymatic components and enzymatic antioxidants. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are the key proteins involved in plant stress response by activating an antioxidant defense system, which cooperates with plant hormones. However, the involvement of MAPKs in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening and resistance is unclear. In this study, two genes, FaMAPK5 and FaMAPK10, were isolated, and their expression pattern and function analysis were conducted. The results showed FaMAPK5 and FaMAPK10 were expressed in all tested tissue/organ types and reached the highest expression level at the white stage during strawberry fruit development and ripening. Transient overexpression of FaMAPK5 and FaMAPK10 increased the fruit anthocyanin, abscisic acid (ABA), total sugar, and glucose contents. ABA and especially hydrogen peroxide (HO) treatment induced the production of large amounts of HO and noticeably increased the expression levels of FaMAPK5 and FaMAPK10 in strawberry fruit, while the reduced glutathione (GSH) had the opposite effect. The level of total phenol and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) significantly increased in FaMAPK5 overexpression fruit, and increased activities of SOD and CAT were observed in FaMAPK10 overexpression fruit. In addition, Botrytis cinerea treatment showed that overexpression of FaMAPK5 conferred retarded disease symptom development and enhanced fruit disease resistance. Our research revealed that FaMAPK5 and FaMAPK10 might participate in ABA-mediated HO signaling in regulating strawberry fruit ripening and resistance.
FaMAPK5 和 FaMAPK10 基因参与 ABA 介导的草莓果实成熟过程，并通过增加非酶成分和酶抗氧化剂来增强抗氧化能力。丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPKs) 通过激活抗氧化防御系统参与植物应激反应，该系统与植物激素协同作用。然而，MAPKs 参与草莓果实成熟和抗性的调节尚不清楚。本研究分离了两个基因 FaMAPK5 和 FaMAPK10，并对其表达模式和功能进行了分析。结果表明，FaMAPK5 和 FaMAPK10 在所有测试的组织/器官类型中均有表达，在草莓果实发育和成熟过程中，白色期达到最高表达水平。瞬时过表达 FaMAPK5 和 FaMAPK10 增加了果实中的花色素、脱落酸 (ABA)、总糖和葡萄糖含量。ABA 尤其是过氧化氢 (HO) 处理诱导大量 HO 的产生，并显着增加草莓果实中 FaMAPK5 和 FaMAPK10 的表达水平，而还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 则产生相反的效果。过表达 FaMAPK5 的果实中总酚水平和超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)、过氧化氢酶 (CAT) 和过氧化物酶 (POD) 的活性显著增加，过表达 FaMAPK10 的果实中观察到 SOD 和 CAT 的活性增加。此外，灰葡萄孢处理表明过表达 FaMAPK5 可延缓发病症状的发展并增强果实的抗病性。我们的研究表明，FaMAPK5 和 FaMAPK10 可能参与 ABA 介导的 HO 信号转导，从而调节草莓果实成熟和抗性。
