Campos-Perez Wendy, Perez-Robles Mariana, Rodriguez-Echevarria Roberto, Rivera-Valdés Juan J, Rodríguez-Navarro Fernando M, Rivera-Leon Edgar A, Martinez-Lopez Erika
Instituto de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica Traslacional, Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, México, Sierra Mojada 950, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
División de Cirugía del Hospital Civil de Guadalajara "Dr. Juan I. Menchaca", Salvador Quevedo y Zubieta 750, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 2022 Mar;46(3):101802. doi: 10.1016/j.clinre.2021.101802. Epub 2021 Dec 9.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gallstone disease (GD) is a major cause for consultation at general surgery services worldwide. In fact, GD has a strong relationship with environmental factors. However, specific characteristics in the Mexican population have not been established. The aim of this study was to compare the dietary components, physical activity, body composition and serum lipids in women with and without GD.
54 women with GD and 75 without GD from West Mexico were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Dietary intake was obtained through a habitual day food record and analyzed using the Nutritionist Pro™ software. Physical activity was evaluated in accordance with WHO recommendations. Body fat percentage (BF%) was estimated by bioimpedance (InBody 370) and serum lipids were measured using dry chemistry (Vitros-250 Analyzer). Student's t-test and binary logistic regression model were used.
Women with GD presented a higher BF% (40 ± 8.7 vs 35.21 ± 9.8%, p = 0.004), an elevated dietary ω-6:ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio (18.0 ± 11.4 vs 10.9 ± 4.7, p<0.001) and a higher simple carbohydrates (sCH) intake (28.3 ± 17.8 vs 13.23 ± 8.2%, p<0.001) as well as lower HDL-cholesterol levels (37.43 ± 8.5 vs 46.6 ± 12.02 mg/dL, p<0.001) compared with women without GD. Furthermore, it was foun d a higher ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio (OR: 3.9, 95% CI 1.52-10.38, p = 0.005) and excessive sCH consumption (OR: 7.4, 95% CI 1.92-28.65, p = 0.004).
We suggest that a high dietary ω-6:ω-3 PUFA ratio and an excessive sCH intake are associated with an increased risk of GD in women.
胆结石病（GD）是全球普通外科门诊的主要就诊原因。事实上，GD与环境因素密切相关。然而，墨西哥人群的具体特征尚未明确。本研究的目的是比较患有和未患有GD的女性的饮食成分、身体活动、身体组成和血脂情况。
来自墨西哥西部的54名患有GD的女性和75名未患有GD的女性参与了一项横断面研究。通过记录一天的日常饮食摄入情况来获取饮食信息，并使用Nutritionist Pro™软件进行分析。根据世界卫生组织的建议评估身体活动情况。通过生物电阻抗法（InBody 370）估算体脂百分比（BF%），并使用干化学法（Vitros - 250分析仪）测量血脂。采用学生t检验和二元逻辑回归模型进行分析。
与未患GD的女性相比，患GD的女性体脂百分比更高（40 ± 8.7对35.21 ± 9.8%，p = 0.004），饮食中ω-6:ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）比例更高（18.0 ± 11.4对10.9 ± 4.7，p<0.001），简单碳水化合物（sCH）摄入量更高（28.3 ± 17.8对13.23 ± 8.2%，p<0.001），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平更低（37.43 ± 8.5对46.6 ± 12.02mg/dL，p<0.001）。此外，还发现ω-6:ω-3 PUFA比例更高（比值比：3.9，95%置信区间1.52 - 10.38，p = 0.005）以及sCH摄入过量（比值比：7.4，95%置信区间1.92 - 28.65，p = 0.004）。
我们认为，饮食中高ω-6:ω-3 PUFA比例和过量摄入sCH与女性患GD的风险增加有关。
