Morris-Binelli Khaya, Müller Sean, van Rens Fleur E C A, Harbaugh Allen G, Rosalie Simon M
School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
Discipline of Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Optom Vis Sci. 2022 Feb 1;99(2):150-158. doi: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001851.
Visual anticipation is vital for performance in several domains such as driving, military, and high-speed interceptive sports, as it enables performers to handle severe time constraints. There has been little investigation into individual differences of anticipation skill transfer within a domain, which can guide training of anticipation to improve performance.
The purpose of this study was to investigate individual differences in the transfer of anticipation within a domain, specifically anticipation of the field hockey penalty corner drag-flick across different opponents.
Eight female Australian international and national field hockey goalkeepers participated. Goalkeepers completed female and male opponent penalty corner drag-flick temporal occlusion tests that presented contextual defensive runner positioning relative to the penalty spot, drag-flicker kinematics, and ball flight.
Drag-flick movement time and ball velocity were significantly different across female and male opponents confirming that a transfer continuum existed. Five goalkeepers could transfer integration of runner contextual and drag-flicker kinematic information to anticipate loose runs above chance from female to male opponent tests. None of the goalkeepers could transfer integration of contextual and kinematic information for the tight runs across female to male opponents.
An individual differences approach with truly expert performers provided unique insights into the mechanism of anticipation transfer within a domain. The findings of this study contribute to theoretical and applied knowledge, which can guide the training of anticipation skill to prepare individuals for superior performance.
视觉预期对于驾驶、军事和高速拦截性运动等多个领域的表现至关重要，因为它能使参与者应对严峻的时间限制。对于一个领域内预期技能转移的个体差异，此前鲜有研究，而这种差异能够指导预期训练以提高表现。
本研究的目的是调查一个领域内预期转移的个体差异，具体而言是调查澳大利亚女子国家和国际曲棍球守门员在面对不同对手时对罚球角拖射的预期。
八名澳大利亚女子国际和国家曲棍球守门员参与了研究。守门员完成了针对男女对手的罚球角拖射时间遮挡测试，测试呈现了相对于罚球点的情境性防守球员位置、拖射者运动学数据以及球的飞行情况。
男女对手的拖射动作时间和球速存在显著差异，证实了转移连续体的存在。五名守门员能够将防守球员情境信息和拖射者运动学信息的整合进行转移，从而在从女对手测试到男对手测试中以高于随机水平的概率预测松散跑动。没有守门员能够将情境和运动学信息的整合在面对女对手和男对手的紧密跑动测试之间进行转移。
采用真正的专家级参与者的个体差异研究方法，为一个领域内预期转移的机制提供了独特见解。本研究结果有助于丰富理论和应用知识，可指导预期技能训练，使个体为卓越表现做好准备。
