Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Ropar, Rupnagar-140001, India.
Mater Horiz. 2022 Feb 7;9(2):607-639. doi: 10.1039/d1mh01490k.
Solar fuel generation through CO hydrogenation is the ultimate strategy to produce sustainable energy sources and alleviate global warming. The photocatalytic CO conversion process resembles natural photosynthesis, which regulates the ecological systems of the earth. Currently, most of the work in this field has been focused on boosting efficiency rather than controlling the distribution of products. The structural architecture of the semiconductor photocatalyst, CO photoreduction process, product analysis, and elucidating the CO photoreduction mechanism are the key features of the photoreduction of CO to generate C1 and C2 based hydrocarbon fuels. The selectivity of C1 and C2 products during the photocatalytic CO reduction have been ameliorated by suitable photocatalyst design, co-catalyst, defect states, and the impacts of the surface polarisation state, Monitoring product selectivity allows the establishment of an appropriate strategy to generate a more reduced state of a hydrocarbon, such as CH or higher carbon (C2) products. This article concentrates on studies that demonstrate the production of C1 and C2 products during CO photoreduction using HO or H as an electron and proton source. Finally, it highlights unresolved difficulties in achieving high selectivity and photoconversion efficiency of CO in C1 and C2 products over various nanostructured materials.
通过 CO 加氢生成太阳能燃料是生产可持续能源和缓解全球变暖的最终策略。光催化 CO 转化过程类似于自然光合作用，调节着地球的生态系统。目前，该领域的大部分工作都集中在提高效率上，而不是控制产品的分布。半导体光催化剂的结构架构、CO 光还原过程、产物分析以及阐明 CO 光还原机制是 CO 光还原生成基于 C1 和 C2 的碳氢燃料的关键特征。通过适当的光催化剂设计、共催化剂、缺陷态以及表面极化状态的影响，可以改善 C1 和 C2 产物在光催化 CO 还原过程中的选择性。监测产物选择性可以为生成更还原的碳氢化合物状态（如 CH 或更高碳（C2）产物）建立适当的策略。本文集中研究了使用 HO 或 H 作为电子和质子源在 CO 光还原过程中生成 C1 和 C2 产物的研究。最后，它强调了在各种纳米结构材料中实现 CO 在 C1 和 C2 产物中高选择性和光转化效率的未解决的困难。
