Greenwood Clare
tissue viability, St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, England.
Nurs Stand. 2022 Feb 2;37(2):60-66. doi: 10.7748/ns.2021.e11740. Epub 2021 Dec 13.
Because of its anatomical location and the fact that it has no muscle or fascia and little subcutaneous tissue, the heel is highly vulnerable to pressure damage and pressure ulcer development. Heel pressure ulcers are often severe and challenging to heal. Heel pressure ulcers are caused by factors such as pressure, shear and friction and the vulnerability of the heel to pressure damage is increased by immobility, the patient's skin status, the presence of previous pressure ulcers and/or scar tissue, and suboptimal tissue perfusion. The risk is also increased in patients with diabetes mellitus. The role of nurses includes assessing the risk and preventing the development of heel pressure ulcers. This article discusses the causes of, and risk factors for, heel pressure ulcers and describes techniques and devices that nurses can use to prevent them.
由于其解剖位置，且足跟没有肌肉或筋膜，皮下组织也很少，因此极易受到压力损伤和压疮形成的影响。足跟压疮通常很严重，愈合也很困难。足跟压疮是由压力、剪切力和摩擦力等因素引起的，而足跟对压力损伤的易感性会因活动受限、患者的皮肤状况、既往压疮和/或瘢痕组织的存在以及组织灌注不足而增加。糖尿病患者的风险也会增加。护士的职责包括评估风险并预防足跟压疮的发生。本文讨论了足跟压疮的成因和危险因素，并介绍了护士可用于预防压疮的技术和设备。
