Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2021 Nov 15;32(11):4147-4155. doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202111.034.
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is an important perfluorinated surfactant, which has received great attention as an emerging pollutant, due to its persistence, high toxicity, and bioaccumulation. Sediment is an important environmental reservoir for PFOA, while polluted sediment can serve as a long-term contamination source causing pollution to overlying surface water and surrounding groundwater. Here, the source, pollution level, adsorption and transport of PFOA at the sediment-water interface were systematically reviewed. Industrial discharge was the major release for PFOA entering surface water and sediment. PFOA was generally at ng·L and ng·g levels in global surface water and sediment. More serious pollution was found in some parts of China. Sediment composition, hadrochemical condition, natural organic matter, and surfactants could strongly affect PFOA adsorption in sediment, though the controlling mechanisms were controversial. Research on PFOA transport in sediment had just been started with limited progress. There is a great gap in understanding the mechanisms underlying PFOA transport in sediment, which should be strengthened in the future.
全氟辛酸（PFOA）是一种重要的全氟表面活性剂，因其持久性、高毒性和生物累积性，作为一种新兴污染物而受到极大关注。沉积物是 PFOA 的一个重要环境储库，而受污染的沉积物可以作为长期污染源，对表层水和周围地下水造成污染。本文系统综述了 PFOA 在沉积物-水界面的来源、污染水平、吸附和迁移。工业排放是 PFOA 进入地表水和沉积物的主要释放途径。全球地表水和沉积物中的 PFOA 含量通常处于 ng·L 和 ng·g 水平。在中国的一些地区发现了更为严重的污染。沉积物组成、水文化学条件、天然有机质和表面活性剂会强烈影响沉积物中 PFOA 的吸附，但控制机制仍存在争议。对 PFOA 在沉积物中迁移的研究才刚刚起步，进展有限。目前对 PFOA 在沉积物中迁移的机制仍缺乏了解，未来应加强这方面的研究。
