Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Clin EEG Neurosci. 2023 Nov;54(6):601-610. doi: 10.1177/15500594211066151. Epub 2021 Dec 13.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique for the treatment of several psychiatric disorders, eg, mood disorders and schizophrenia. Although tDCS provides a promising approach, its neurobiological mechanisms remain to be explored. To provide a systematic review of animal studies, and consider how tDCS ameliorates psychiatric conditions. A literature search was conducted on English articles identified by PubMed. We defined the inclusion criteria as follows: (1) articles published from the original data; (2) experimental studies in animals; (3) studies delivering direct current transcranially, ie, positioning electrodes onto the skull. 138 papers met the inclusion criteria. 62 papers deal with model animals without any dysfunctions, followed by 52 papers for neurological disorder models, and 12 for psychiatric disorder models. The most studied category of functional areas is neurocognition, followed by motor functions and pain. These studies overall suggest the role for the late long-term potentiation (LTP) via anodal stimulation in the therapeutic effects of tDCS. tDCS Anodal stimulation may provide a novel therapeutic strategy to particularly enhance neurocognition in psychiatric disorders. Its mechanisms are likely to involve facilitation of the late LTP.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种非侵入性脑刺激技术，可用于治疗多种精神疾病，例如心境障碍和精神分裂症。尽管 tDCS 提供了一种有前途的方法，但它的神经生物学机制仍有待探索。本研究对动物研究进行了系统综述，并探讨了 tDCS 如何改善精神疾病。通过 PubMed 检索英文文章，进行文献研究。我们将纳入标准定义为：（1）发表原始数据的文章；（2）动物实验研究；（3）经颅直流电刺激的研究，即电极放置在颅骨上。共有 138 篇论文符合纳入标准。其中 62 篇论文涉及无功能障碍的模型动物，52 篇论文涉及神经疾病模型，12 篇论文涉及精神疾病模型。研究最多的功能区域类别是神经认知，其次是运动功能和疼痛。这些研究总体表明，阳极刺激通过晚期长时程增强（LTP）在 tDCS 的治疗效果中起作用。tDCS 阳极刺激可能为改善精神疾病患者的神经认知提供一种新的治疗策略。其机制可能涉及晚期 LTP 的易化。
