Departments of Medicine (Benham, Donovan, Leung, Sigal, Rabi), of Community Health Sciences (Benham, Booth, Leung, Sigal, Rabi), of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Donovan) and of Cardiac Sciences (Sigal, Rabi), Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (Donovan), Calgary, Alta.
CMAJ Open. 2021 Dec 14;9(4):E1168-E1174. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20200276. Print 2021 Oct-Dec.
Maternal weight gain during pregnancy is required for fetal development; however, excess gestational weight gain is associated with increased maternal and neonatal morbidity. We aimed to determine the proportion of Canadian women who gained excess weight during pregnancy and to identify risk factors for excess gestational weight gain.
Self-reported data on maternal weight gain were collected from the 2015/16 and 2017/18 cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), a cross-sectional population-based survey. We included females aged 15 to 54 years with data on height, prepregnancy weight and gestational weight gain. We defined excess gestational weight gain in terms of preconception body mass index (BMI) according to the 2009 guideline of the US Institute of Medicine. We used logistic regression to evaluate potential risk factors for excess gestational weight gain.
Of 1 335 615 Canadian women (weighted from approximately 9300 survey respondents), 422 043 (32%) gained excess weight during pregnancy. Women with obesity had 33% lower odds of gaining excess weight relative to women with overweight (odds ratio 0.67, 95% confidence interval 0.48-0.94). Risk factors for excess gestational weight gain were lower education level, white or Indigenous identity, smoking, mood disorder, anxiety disorder and Canadian citizenship.
One-third of Canadian women in this survey had excess gestational weight gain during pregnancy, and women with obesity had lower odds of gaining excess weight during pregnancy relative to women with overweight. Strategies are needed to reduce the proportion of Canadian women who gain excess weight during pregnancy, regardless of preconception BMI.
孕期母体体重增加是胎儿发育所必需的；然而，过多的孕期体重增加与母体和新生儿发病率增加有关。我们旨在确定在加拿大怀孕期间体重增加过多的女性比例，并确定导致孕期体重过度增加的风险因素。
从加拿大社区健康调查（CCHS）2015/16 和 2017/18 周期的自我报告数据中收集了母体体重增加的数据，这是一项基于人群的横断面调查。我们纳入了年龄在 15 至 54 岁之间、有身高、孕前体重和孕期体重增加数据的女性。我们根据美国医学研究所 2009 年指南，根据孕前体重指数（BMI）定义孕期体重过度增加。我们使用逻辑回归评估孕期体重过度增加的潜在风险因素。
在 1335615 名加拿大女性（约有 9300 名受访者）中，有 422043 名（32%）在怀孕期间体重增加过多。与超重女性相比，肥胖女性体重增加过多的可能性降低了 33%（优势比 0.67，95%置信区间 0.48-0.94）。孕期体重过度增加的风险因素包括教育水平较低、白种人或原住民身份、吸烟、情绪障碍、焦虑障碍和加拿大公民身份。
在这项调查中，三分之一的加拿大女性在怀孕期间体重增加过多，与超重女性相比，肥胖女性怀孕期间体重增加过多的可能性较低。无论孕前 BMI 如何，都需要采取策略来降低加拿大女性怀孕期间体重增加过多的比例。
