NeuroAllergy Research Laboratory (NARL), School of Life and Environmental Sciences (LES), Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment (SEBE), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia.
NeuroAllergy Research Laboratory (NARL), School of Life and Environmental Sciences (LES), Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment (SEBE), Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Victoria, Australia,
Cell Physiol Biochem. 2021 Dec 15;55(6):773-783. doi: 10.33594/000000475.
The importance of Alzheime's Disease (AD) research has never been greater from a worldwide perspective with the disease becoming increasingly prevalent with life expectancy on the rise. One emerging factor that has presented as a serious risk that still requires more research and understanding is the role and effects of Apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4). When present, individuals are three times more likely to develop AD in their lifetime. This is due to ApoE4's ability to not only increase amyloid beta plaque aggregation ApoE4 also increases hyperphosphorylation of tau causing neurofibrillary tangles. These two factors are the well-known hallmarks for AD, which increase the importance for ApoE4 research as it affects both major aspects. Treatment for AD has always been an issue due to a variety of factors with only a few approved for use today. These approved treatments are only to ease and supress symptoms rather than treating the disease. Dementia symptoms such as memory loss, language problems, motor skills, irritability and paranoia are all symptoms that destroy patient's ability to function in their communities. Inhibiting ApoE4 and reducing its toxic effects is a promising theory that has the ability to extend AD patients' lifespan and prolong capable brain function limiting brain tissue degradation.
从全球范围来看，阿尔茨海默病（AD）的研究从未如此重要，随着预期寿命的延长，这种疾病的发病率越来越高。一个新出现的因素是载脂蛋白 E4（ApoE4），它是一个严重的风险因素，仍需要更多的研究和理解。当存在 ApoE4 时，个体一生中患 AD 的可能性增加三倍。这是因为 ApoE4 不仅能够增加淀粉样蛋白β斑块聚集，还能够增加 tau 的过度磷酸化，导致神经原纤维缠结。这两个因素是 AD 的众所周知的特征，这增加了 ApoE4 研究的重要性，因为它影响了两个主要方面。AD 的治疗一直是一个问题，由于各种因素，目前只有少数几种方法得到批准。这些被批准的治疗方法只是为了缓解和抑制症状，而不是治疗疾病。痴呆症的症状，如记忆力减退、语言问题、运动技能、易怒和偏执，都会破坏患者在社区中的功能能力。抑制 ApoE4 并减少其毒性作用是一种有前途的理论，它有可能延长 AD 患者的寿命，延长其有能力的大脑功能，限制脑组织退化。
