青少年、大学和职业棒球运动员肩肱关节活动度缺陷的比较。
Comparison of Glenohumeral Range of Motion Deficits in Youth, Collegiate, and Professional Baseball Players.
作者信息
Wilcox C Luke, Plummer Hillary A, Ostrander Iii Roger V
机构信息
Department of Sports Medicine, Michigan State University.
Andrews Research & Education Foundation.
出版信息
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2021 Dec 1;16(6):1485-1491. doi: 10.26603/001c.29683. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Examining range of motion deficits across levels of baseball competition can result in a better understanding of the extent of altered range of motion patterns and identify competition levels that may require preventative interventions that target the deficits.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to compare shoulder range of motion in baseball players across levels of competition and compare the prevalence of glenohumeral internal rotaton deficit (GIRD) and total arc of motion differences (TAMD) between competition levels in pitchers and position players.
STUDY DESIGN
Prospective descriptive cohort.
METHODS
Passive internal and external rotation range of motion was measured bilaterally. Individuals with current pain in the arm, shoulder, elbow or shoulder surgery within the prior two years were excluded. Measurements were taken during pre-season physical examinations. Players were divided into seven groups: 12u (11-12 years; n=30), 14u (13-14 years; n=30), High School 1 (HS 1; 15-16 year; n=42), High School 2 (HS 2; 17-18 years; n=25), College (n=22), Professional 1 (Pro1; 17-22 years; n=37) and Professional 2 (Pro2; 23 and older; n=37). Multiple one-way analyses of variance were performed to determine differences between groups. Tukey test for post-hoc analysis was employed to determine which competition levels were significantly different.
RESULTS
Two-hundred and twenty-three male baseball players ages 11-26 participated. The 12u (53.7°) and 14u (54.2°) groups had significantly less internal rotation than HS1 (65.2°), HS2 (63.9°), College (62.3°), Pro1 (64.9°), and Pro2 (64.5°) players (p<0.0001). The 12u, 14u, HS1, college, and Pro2 groups had greater than 50% of players with total arc of motion differences >5°. Conclusions: Range of motion alterations exist across ages and levels of competition with 12u and 14u players having less internal rotation than the older groups and youth pitchers having less total range of motion than HS1.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
背景
研究棒球比赛不同水平下的运动范围缺陷，有助于更好地了解运动范围模式改变的程度，并确定可能需要针对这些缺陷进行预防性干预的比赛水平。
目的
本研究旨在比较不同比赛水平的棒球运动员的肩部运动范围，并比较投手和内野手在不同比赛水平之间的盂肱关节内旋缺陷（GIRD）患病率和总运动弧度差异（TAMD）。
研究设计
前瞻性描述性队列研究。
方法
双侧测量被动内旋和外旋运动范围。排除在过去两年内手臂、肩部、肘部有疼痛或肩部手术史的个体。在季前体检时进行测量。球员分为七组：12岁组（11 - 12岁；n = 30），14岁组（13 - 14岁；n = 30），高中1组（HS 1；15 - 16岁；n = 42），高中2组（HS 2；17 - 18岁；n = 25），大学组（n = 22），职业1组（Pro1；17 - 22岁；n = 37）和职业2组（Pro2；23岁及以上；n = 37）。进行多次单因素方差分析以确定组间差异。采用Tukey检验进行事后分析，以确定哪些比赛水平存在显著差异。
结果
223名年龄在11 - 26岁的男性棒球运动员参与了研究。12岁组（53.7°）和14岁组（54.2°）的内旋角度明显小于高中1组（65.2°）、高中2组（63.9°）、大学组（62.3°）、职业1组（64.9°）和职业2组（64.5°）的球员（p < 0.0001）。12岁组、14岁组、高中1组、大学组和职业2组中，超过50%的球员总运动弧度差异>5°。结论：不同年龄和比赛水平均存在运动范围改变，12岁组和14岁组球员的内旋角度小于年龄较大的组，青少年投手的总运动范围小于高中1组。
证据水平
2级。
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