Department of Health Education & Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Educational Leadership, College of Education & Human Development, TAMUCC, Corpus Christi, Texas, USA.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2021 Sep 15;62(3):E742-E750. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.3.2111. eCollection 2021 Sep.
One of the major smoking prevention strategies has been to educate the public and increase people's awareness, using health-warning messages. However, many young people continue smoking without paying attention to health risk messages on cigarette packets in Iran. Hence, this study was conducted to examine the processing route of anti-smoking messages and influencing cognitive factors based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model. This cross-sectional study was correlational in nature. The non-probability sample consisted of 387 tobacco smokers in the age range of 18 to 30 years old. The study was conducted between July and November of 2018 in Tabriz, Iran. A researcher-designed questionnaire was used for the purpose of data collection. No causal inferences were drawn due to the non-experimental nature of the investigation. It was found that tobacco smokers often processed the health warning messages through the central route. Perceived severity, smoking abstinence self-efficacy, and psychological dependence were predictors of message processing through the central route. The results supported the conceptual model of cognitional predictors of the processing route. To design and execute effective health warning messages to quit smoking, it is recommended to consider cognitive factors as a means to enhance critical thinking about the content of the health-warning message.
其中一个主要的戒烟策略是通过健康警示信息来教育公众并提高人们的意识。然而，在伊朗，许多年轻人继续吸烟，对烟盒上的健康风险信息毫不关注。因此，本研究旨在根据详尽可能性模型，考察反吸烟信息的处理途径和影响认知因素。本研究为横断面研究，属于相关性研究。该非概率样本包括 387 名年龄在 18 至 30 岁之间的吸烟者。该研究于 2018 年 7 月至 11 月在伊朗大不里士进行。研究使用了研究者设计的问卷来收集数据。由于调查的非实验性质，没有进行因果推断。研究结果表明，吸烟者通常通过中央途径处理健康警示信息。感知严重性、戒烟自我效能和心理依赖是通过中央途径处理信息的预测因素。研究结果支持认知预测因素对处理途径的概念模型。为了设计和执行有效的健康警示信息以戒烟，建议将认知因素作为增强对健康警示信息内容的批判性思维的一种手段。
