Center on Mindfulness and Integrative Health Intervention Development, College of Social Work, University of Utah, Salt Lake City (Parisi); School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill (Wilson, Villodas, Phillips, Dohler).
Psychiatr Serv. 2022 Aug 1;73(8):897-909. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000928. Epub 2021 Dec 16.
Individuals with serious mental illness are overrepresented in the criminal justice system. Research has found that interventions targeting risk factors for recidivism (i.e., criminogenic risks) reduce justice involvement in the general correctional population. However, more needs to be learned regarding use of these interventions among individuals with serious mental illness. To this end, this systematic review synthesized research on interventions that target criminogenic risk factors and are delivered to justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness.
A systematic search of six computerized bibliographic databases from inception to 2021 yielded 8,360 potentially relevant studies. Title and abstract screening, full-text reviews, and data extraction were performed independently, and discrepancies were resolved through discussion. To identify additional articles meeting inclusion criteria, experts in the field were contacted, and reference-harvesting techniques were used. Study quality was assessed with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool.
Twenty-one studies were identified that evaluated nine interventions delivered to justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness. All identified programs targeted criminogenic risk factors, were group based, and used cognitive-behavioral strategies. Study quality was moderate to high. Interventions were associated with improvements in recidivism, violence, and criminogenic risk factors.
This review is the first to evaluate interventions targeting criminogenic risks among justice-involved individuals with serious mental illness. Findings suggest that outcomes associated with these interventions are promising. Given the overrepresentation of persons with serious mental illness in the criminal justice system, these findings provide an important step toward identifying services that curb justice involvement in this population.
患有严重精神疾病的个体在刑事司法系统中所占比例过高。研究发现，针对累犯风险因素（即犯罪风险）的干预措施可减少普通矫正人群的司法介入。然而，对于在患有严重精神疾病的个体中使用这些干预措施，还需要进一步了解。为此，本系统综述综合了针对犯罪风险因素并针对涉及司法的严重精神疾病个体提供的干预措施的研究。
从开始到 2021 年，对六个计算机化的书目数据库进行了系统搜索，共产生了 8360 篇潜在相关的研究。独立进行标题和摘要筛选、全文审查和数据提取，并通过讨论解决分歧。为了确定符合纳入标准的其他文章，联系了该领域的专家，并使用了参考文献收集技术。使用混合方法评估工具评估研究质量。
确定了 21 项研究，评估了九项针对涉及司法的严重精神疾病个体的干预措施。所有确定的方案均针对犯罪风险因素，基于群体，并且使用认知行为策略。研究质量为中等至高度。干预措施与累犯、暴力和犯罪风险因素的改善有关。
这是首次评估针对涉及司法的严重精神疾病个体的犯罪风险因素的干预措施。研究结果表明，这些干预措施的结果很有希望。鉴于严重精神疾病患者在刑事司法系统中的代表性过高，这些发现为确定可以遏制该人群司法介入的服务提供了重要的一步。
