Society for Education, Action and Research in Community Health (SEARCH), Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, India.
Spine Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
J Glob Health. 2021 Nov 27;11:12003. doi: 10.7189/jogh.11.12003. eCollection 2021.
Population based estimates of the extent of the activity limitation due to back pain and disability due to musculoskeletal pains are lacking from rural India. We estimated this burden as a) extent of activity limitation due to back pain, b) disability due to musculoskeletal pains, c) grading of the limitation of each activity due to back and musculoskeletal pain in the rural adult population in Gadchiroli, India.
This population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in two villages randomly selected from a cluster of 7 eligible villages in Gadchiroli district of India. All adults ≥20 years in these villages were surveyed by the trained community health workers in January 2010. Disability due to back pain was evaluated using newly developed questionnaire for women and men which assessed limitations in the gender-specific daily household and occupational activities in a rural area. Disability due to pain in extremities was assessed using the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ).
The total population of the two villages was 3735 out of which 2535 (67.9%) were adults ≥20 years of age and were eligible to participate in the study. Of these, 2259 (89%) were interviewed and 1247 participants (55%) had any pain on the day of the survey. Activity limitation questionnaire was filled for 716 (91.4%) out of 783 patients with back pain. HAQ scale was filled for 524 (85.2%) out of 615 patients with pain in extremities. Among men with back pain, respectively 11%, 19%, 60% and 11% had no, mild, moderate to severe difficulty or were completely unable to perform agrarian work, while among women, respectively 6%, 20%, 69% and 4% had no, mild, moderate to severe difficulty or were completely unable to perform household activities. Based on the HAQ score, respectively 1%, 67%, 18% and 14% of the participants had no, mild, moderate to severe disability or were completely unable to perform the activities.
This community-based study in rural Gadchiroli demonstrates significant mild to moderate disability and activity limitation, due to pain in back and extremities in a population involved in hard manual work, especially agricultural and underlines the need to address the problem through appropriate interventions. The study also employs for the first time an indigenously developed questionnaire to identify activity limitation due to back pain, and demonstrates the method as well as the questionnaire.
缺乏印度农村地区因背痛和肌肉骨骼疼痛导致的活动受限以及残疾的基于人群的估计。我们估计了以下方面的负担：a）背痛导致的活动受限程度，b）肌肉骨骼疼痛导致的残疾，c）农村成年人中因背痛和肌肉骨骼疼痛导致的每种活动受限程度。
这是一项基于人群的横断面研究，在印度 Gadchiroli 地区的 7 个合格村庄中随机选择了两个村庄进行。2010 年 1 月，经过培训的社区卫生工作者对这些村庄的所有≥20 岁的成年人进行了调查。使用新开发的针对女性和男性的问卷评估了背痛引起的残疾，该问卷评估了农村地区性别特定的日常家务和职业活动中的受限程度。使用健康评估问卷（HAQ）评估四肢疼痛引起的残疾。
这两个村庄的总人口为 3735 人，其中 2535 人（67.9%）是≥20 岁的成年人，有资格参加研究。其中，2259 人（89%）接受了访谈，1247 名参与者（55%）在调查当天有疼痛。为 783 名背痛患者中的 716 名（91.4%）填写了活动受限问卷。为 615 名四肢疼痛患者中的 524 名（85.2%）填写了 HAQ 量表。患有背痛的男性中，分别有 11%、19%、60%和 11%的人无法进行农业工作、轻度困难、中度至重度困难或完全无法进行农业工作，而女性中，分别有 6%、20%、69%和 4%的人无法进行家务活动、轻度困难、中度至重度困难或完全无法进行家务活动。根据 HAQ 评分，分别有 1%、67%、18%和 14%的参与者没有、轻度、中度至重度残疾或完全无法进行活动。
这项在印度农村 Gadchiroli 进行的基于社区的研究表明，从事艰苦体力劳动的人群中，背部和四肢疼痛导致了明显的轻度至中度残疾和活动受限，尤其是农业方面，并强调需要通过适当的干预措施来解决这个问题。该研究还首次使用了一种本土开发的问卷来识别背痛引起的活动受限，并展示了该方法和问卷。
