Department of Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, Uskudar University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Clinic, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Arel University, İstanbul, Turkey.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Jan;152:111007. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2021.111007. Epub 2021 Dec 13.
To evaluate the effect of second language exposure on Turkish speaking skills in cochlear implant (CI) users.
Children living in mono and bilingual families, who underwent unilateral cochlear implant due to congenital severe to profound, or profound hearing loss, were examined. The fifty six children with a chronological age younger than 8 and a language age of 2-6 years were included the study. The Denver II Developmental Screening Test was used for identifying of pre-implant speech and development. The duration of implant use was also documented. Languages spoken at the patients' homes were divided into 4 categories: T/K: Predominantly Turkish/Kurdish, K/T: Predominantly Kurdish/Turkish, T/T: Just Turkish, A/T: Predominantly Arabic/Turkish. The CAP (Categories of Auditory Performance), SIR (Speech Intelligibility Rating), The Turkish Version Test of The Early Language Development (TELD-3:T),. The IT-MAIS (Infant Toddler Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale), MUSS (Meaningful Use of Speech Scale) were used to evaluate the language development of the patients. Changes in IT-MAIS and MUSS scores in the last two years were also evaluated.
The all children received their implants before age of 6 years. The average duration of cochlear implant use of children was 38,43 ± 11,64 months. The mean pre-implant speech age was 6,8 ± 2,13 months. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of the CAP and SIR scores. In TELD-3:T scores, there was no significant difference between the groups except for the receptive raw scores. The Arabic/Turkish group had significantly lower receptive raw scores. This group also had significantly lower mother educational level. In IT-MAIS and MUSS scores, no significant difference was found between the groups.
Our study supports the opinion that exposure to a second language at home does not affect the acquisition of the language of education in children using CI.
评估第二语言接触对土耳其语植入（CI）使用者语言技能的影响。
对生活在单语和双语家庭中的单侧 CI 植入儿童进行检查。本研究纳入了 56 名因先天性重度至极重度或极重度听力损失而接受单侧 CI 植入的儿童，他们的年龄均小于 8 岁，语言年龄为 2-6 岁。植入前的言语和发育通过丹佛发展筛查测试（Denver II）进行评估。记录植入使用的时间。将患者家中使用的语言分为 4 类：T/K：主要使用土耳其语/库尔德语，K/T：主要使用库尔德语/土耳其语，T/T：只使用土耳其语，A/T：主要使用阿拉伯语/土耳其语。使用 CAP（听觉表现类别）、SIR（言语可懂度评定）、土耳其语早期语言发展测试（TELD-3：T）、IT-MAIS（婴幼儿有意义听觉整合量表）和 MUSS（言语的有意义使用量表）评估患者的语言发展。还评估了过去两年中 IT-MAIS 和 MUSS 评分的变化。
所有儿童都在 6 岁前接受了植入。儿童接受植入的平均时间为 38.43±11.64 个月。儿童植入前言语年龄的平均年龄为 6.8±2.13 个月。在 CAP 和 SIR 评分方面，各组之间没有显著差异。在 TELD-3：T 评分中，除了接受性原始评分外，各组之间没有显著差异。阿拉伯语/土耳其语组的接受性原始评分显著较低。该组的母亲教育水平也显著较低。在 IT-MAIS 和 MUSS 评分方面，各组之间没有显著差异。
我们的研究支持这样一种观点，即在家庭中接触第二语言不会影响使用 CI 的儿童对教育语言的习得。
