Faculty of Psychology, Division of Clinical Psychology and Epidemiology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Psychiatric University Hospital (UPK), University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
PLoS One. 2021 Dec 20;16(12):e0261296. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261296. eCollection 2021.
Research suggests that a jumping-to-conclusions (JTC) bias, excessive intuition, and reduced analysis in information processing may favor suboptimal decision-making, both in non-clinical and mentally disordered individuals. The temporal relationship between processing modes and JTC bias, however, remains unexplored. Therefore, using an experience sampling methodology (ESM) approach, this study examines the temporal associations between intuitive/analytical information processing, JTC bias, and delusions in non-clinical individuals and patients with schizophrenia. Specifically, we examine whether a high use of intuitive and/or a low use of analytical processing predicts subsequent JTC bias and paranoid conviction. In a smartphone-based ESM study, participants will be prompted four times per day over three consecutive days to answer questionnaires designed to measure JTC bias, paranoid conviction, and preceding everyday-life intuition/analysis. Our hierarchical data will be analyzed using multilevel modelling for hypothesis testing. Results will further elucidate the role of aberrant human reasoning, particularly intuition, in (non-)clinical delusions and delusion-like experiences, and also inform general information processing models.
研究表明，在信息处理过程中，仓促下结论（JTC）的倾向、过度的直觉和分析能力的降低，可能会影响非临床和精神障碍个体的次优决策。然而，处理模式和 JTC 偏差之间的时间关系仍未得到探索。因此，本研究采用经验采样方法（ESM），考察了非临床个体和精神分裂症患者的直觉/分析信息处理、JTC 偏差和妄想之间的时间关联。具体来说，我们检验了直觉的高使用和/或分析的低使用是否可以预测随后的 JTC 偏差和偏执信念。在基于智能手机的 ESM 研究中，参与者将在连续三天的每天四次被提示回答旨在测量 JTC 偏差、偏执信念和先前日常直觉/分析的问卷。我们的分层数据将使用多级模型进行分析，以进行假设检验。研究结果将进一步阐明异常人类推理（特别是直觉）在（非）临床妄想和妄想样体验中的作用，并为一般信息处理模型提供信息。
