Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, United Kingdom.
Centre for Nutrition Education and Lifestyle Management, Chapel Gardens, 14 Rectory Road, Wokingham RG40 1DH, United Kingdom.
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2022 Apr;65:100971. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100971. Epub 2021 Dec 18.
Aging is the major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, accelerated by excessive calorie consumption and sedentary lifestyles. Bioenergetic challenges such as intermittent fasting (IF) have shown to promote lifespan and healthspan via an adaptive stress response. Activity-dependent brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has emerged as key regulator of cognitive performance and brain health. This review aims to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms linking IF and cognitive function with a focus on the role of BDNF, evaluating evidence from pre-clinical and human studies. A systematic literature search was performed. 82 peer-reviewed papers were accepted, critically appraised and summarised in a narrative analysis. Aging-related loss of BDNF has been associated with reduced synaptic plasticity, memory and learning as well as increased risk of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. IF was consistently reported to upregulate BDNF and improve cognitive performance in animal models. Further research is required to assess cognitive outcomes of IF in humans.
衰老是神经退行性疾病的主要风险因素，过量的卡路里摄入和久坐不动的生活方式会加速这一过程。生物能量挑战，如间歇性禁食（IF），已被证明通过适应性应激反应来促进寿命和健康寿命。活性依赖性脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）已成为认知表现和大脑健康的关键调节因子。本综述旨在探讨 IF 与认知功能的病理生理机制，重点关注 BDNF 的作用，评估来自临床前和人体研究的证据。进行了系统的文献检索。接受了 82 篇经过同行评审的论文，并进行了批判性评估和叙述性分析总结。与衰老相关的 BDNF 丧失与突触可塑性、记忆和学习能力下降以及认知障碍和阿尔茨海默病风险增加有关。IF 被一致报道可上调 BDNF 并改善动物模型的认知表现。需要进一步研究来评估 IF 对人类认知结果的影响。
