Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition and Animal Production, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), Campus Pirassununga, SP, Brazil.
Theriogenology. 2022 Mar 1;180:1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.12.010. Epub 2021 Dec 15.
Induction of farrowing with prostaglandins is a way of increasing farrowing supervision and to provide adequate care for piglets in the first hours of life. However, some studies observed negative effects associated with induction, including decreased piglet viability, reduced birth weight and decreased colostrum yield. Furthermore, the farrowing response of sows to prostaglandins treatment varies among studies, largely influenced by the induction protocol applied. Thus, a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to evaluate the effects of farrowing induction with prostaglandins on stillbirth rate, birth weight, pre-weaning mortality, weaning weight, farrowing duration and colostrum and milk characteristics as well as the farrowing response to prostaglandin treatment. The interval from farrowing induction to onset of farrowing (IFIOF) was 31 h, and a twice application of prostaglandin increased by 37% the proportion of sows farrowing during the next working day. Prostaglandins had no effect on farrowing duration (P > 0.05). Piglet birth weight and weaning weight were only decreased (P < 0.05) when farrowing was induced ≥3 days before the expected farrowing date (based on herd average or in gestational length of the control group). Induction three or two days before the expected farrowing date had no effect on stillbirth rate; conversely, stillbirth rate was reduced by 28% (P < 0.05) when induction was performed one day before the expected farrowing date. Farrowing induction had no influence on pre-weaning mortality. The present study strengthened the observations that farrowing induction with prostaglandins is a valuable tool to reduce gestational length variation and to synchronize farrowing during the working day, allowing better assistance to sows and piglets. To obtain the maximum benefit of farrowing induction, it is recommended that induction should be performed one or two days before the expected farrowing date.
用前列腺素诱导分娩是增加分娩监护并为仔猪生命的最初几小时提供充足护理的一种方法。然而，一些研究观察到与诱导相关的负面影响，包括仔猪活力降低、出生体重降低和初乳产量降低。此外，母猪对前列腺素处理的分娩反应在不同的研究中存在差异，主要受应用的诱导方案影响。因此，进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以评估用前列腺素诱导分娩对死产率、出生体重、断奶前死亡率、断奶体重、分娩持续时间以及初乳和牛奶特性的影响，以及对前列腺素处理的分娩反应。从诱导分娩到分娩开始的间隔（IFIOF）为 31 小时，前列腺素的两次应用使第二天工作时间分娩的母猪比例增加了 37%。前列腺素对分娩持续时间没有影响（P>0.05）。只有当分娩诱导发生在预期分娩日期前≥3 天时，仔猪出生体重和断奶体重才会降低（P<0.05）（基于群体平均或对照组的妊娠长度）。诱导分娩在预期分娩日期前 3 天或 2 天不会影响死产率；相反，当在预期分娩日期前 1 天进行诱导时，死产率降低了 28%（P<0.05）。诱导分娩对断奶前死亡率没有影响。本研究加强了以下观察结果：用前列腺素诱导分娩是减少妊娠长度变化和在工作日同步分娩的有价值工具，允许更好地帮助母猪和仔猪。为了从诱导分娩中获得最大收益，建议在预期分娩日期前 1 天或 2 天进行诱导。
