College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.
Medical Laboratory Technique, Erbil Medical Technical Institute, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Kurdistan Region-Iraq.
Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2021 Nov 25;67(3):52-60. doi: 10.14715/cmb/2021.67.3.7.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous microorganism that is difficult to treat due to the increasing prevalence of multidrug resistance patterns. A total of 227 samples were taken from different clinical samples during the study period from January 2018 to December 2018. The isolates were identified with antibiotic sensitivity testing with ESBL by the Vitek-2 automated method. MDR, XDR, and PDR were determined. 40 (17.6%) isolates were positive for P. aeruginosa, maximum of ESBL and MBL. Positive isolates were detected in the burn, coexisting ESBL + MBL enzymes in 21 (52.5%) of our isolates. Imipenem followed by Meropenem were found to be effective against ESBL and MBL producers. Resistance was reached between 72-100% to 5 antibiotics. The frequency of PDR, MDR, and XDR were 5%, 50%, and 45%, respectively. The frequency of co-production between MDR, XDR, and PDR with MBL, ESBL, and Biofilm was 35%, 12.5% and 5%, respectively. Among the ESBLs, the frequency of distribution of bla VEB-1gene and blaGES-5 gene was 50% and 40 %, respectively. Bacterial isolates simultaneously carrying blaVEB-1 gene with multiple β-lactamases of different classes of biofilm, MDR, PDR, and XDR as same as a coexisting blaGES-5 gene. One isolate was detected as new isolates registered in global gene bank as locally P. aeruginosa isolates in Erbil city (LOCUS MN900953). The phylogenetic trees of the blaVEB gene isolates were demonstrated a genotype closely related to others, deposited in GenBank similar to the P. aeruginosa gene; gene sequencing revealed a 99% similarity with other isolates deposited in GenBank.
铜绿假单胞菌是一种普遍存在的微生物，由于多药耐药模式的日益流行，治疗变得困难。在 2018 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月的研究期间，共从不同的临床样本中采集了 227 个样本。通过 Vitek-2 自动化方法对分离物进行了抗生素敏感性试验和 ESBL 检测。确定了 MDR、XDR 和 PDR。40（17.6%）株分离物为铜绿假单胞菌阳性，最大的 ESBL 和 MBL。在我们的分离物中，21 株（52.5%）检测到同时存在 ESBL 和 MBL 酶的阳性分离物。发现亚胺培南和美罗培南对 ESBL 和 MBL 产生菌有效。对 5 种抗生素的耐药率达到 72-100%。PDR、MDR 和 XDR 的发生率分别为 5%、50%和 45%。MDR、XDR 和 PDR 与 MBL、ESBL 和生物膜同时产生的频率分别为 35%、12.5%和 5%。在 ESBL 中，blaVEB-1 基因和 blaGES-5 基因的分布频率分别为 50%和 40%。细菌分离物同时携带 blaVEB-1 基因和不同类别的生物膜的多种β-内酰胺酶、MDR、PDR 和 XDR 以及同时存在的 blaGES-5 基因。在 ERBIL 市，检测到一株与其他菌株密切相关的新型本地铜绿假单胞菌分离株，该分离株已在全球基因库中注册为新的分离株（LOCUS MN900953）。blaVEB 基因分离株的系统发育树显示与其他基因相似，与其他在基因库中注册的铜绿假单胞菌基因相似；基因测序显示与基因库中注册的其他分离株有 99%的相似性。
