NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital Nhs Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
Department of Surgery, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 2022 Dec;29(6):681-687. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2021.2013900. Epub 2021 Dec 22.
To determine the frequency and incidence rate of retinoblastoma in children in South Africa from 2004 to 2018.
Incident cases of histologically diagnosed retinoblastoma were identified from the South African National Cancer Registry. Crude incidence rates were calculated using national population data on children <15 years and live births. Incidence rates were stratified and compared by age, sex and population group. Direct age-standardised incidence rates and comparative incidence ratios were calculated.
The overall age-standardised incidence rate for children <15 years was 3.3 per million or 1 per 21 641 live births. Age-specific rates for children aged 0-4, 5-9 and 10-14 years were 7.7, 0.8 and 0.2 per million, respectively. There was no difference in incidence rates by sex. White children had a significantly higher incidence rate compared to other population groups, but this finding may be due to systemic biases introduced by access to healthcare in South Africa or study methodology.
This is the largest study to provide population-based, histologically confirmed national estimates of retinoblastoma incidence from an African nation to date and affirms the need for high-quality cancer registries across the African continent.
确定 2004 年至 2018 年南非儿童视网膜母细胞瘤的发病率和发生率。
从南非国家癌症登记处确定组织学诊断为视网膜母细胞瘤的发病病例。使用儿童<15 岁和活产儿的国家人口数据计算粗发病率。按年龄、性别和人群分层比较发病率。计算直接年龄标准化发病率和比较发病率比。
<15 岁儿童的总体年龄标准化发病率为每百万 3.3 例，每 21641 例活产儿中有 1 例。0-4 岁、5-9 岁和 10-14 岁儿童的年龄特异性发病率分别为每百万 7.7、0.8 和 0.2 例。性别之间的发病率没有差异。白人儿童的发病率明显高于其他人群组，但这一发现可能是由于南非医疗保健的获得或研究方法引入了系统偏差。
这是迄今为止针对非洲国家提供基于人群、组织学证实的全国视网膜母细胞瘤发病率的最大研究，证实了非洲大陆需要高质量的癌症登记处。
