Eraud Cyril, Devaux Tiphaine, Villers Alexandre, Johnson Fred A, Francesiaz Charlotte
Office Français de la Biodiversité Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique Unité Avifaune migratrice Villiers-en-Bois France.
Office de Génie Ecologique Agence Nord-Est Strasbourg France.
Ecol Evol. 2021 Nov 15;11(23):16562-16571. doi: 10.1002/ece3.8212. eCollection 2021 Dec.
Bird harvest for recreational purposes or as a source for food is an important activity worldwide. Assessing or mitigating the impact of these additional sources of mortality on bird populations is therefore crucial issue. The sustainability of harvest levels is however rarely documented, because knowledge of their population dynamics remains rudimentary for many bird species. Some helpful approaches using limited demographic data can be used to provide initial assessment of the sustainable use of harvested bird populations, and help adjusting harvest levels accordingly. The (DIM) is used to detect overharvesting. In complement, the (PTL) approach may allow setting a level of take with regard to management objectives and/or to assess whether current harvest levels meet these objectives. Here, we present the R package popharvest that implements these two approaches in a simple and straightforward way. The package provides users with a set of flexible functions whose arguments can be adapted to existing knowledge about population dynamics. Also, popharvest enables users to test scenarios or propagate uncertainty in demographic parameters to the assessment of sustainability through easily programming Monte Carlo simulations. The simplicity of the package makes it a useful toolbox for wildlife managers or policymakers. This paper provides them with backgrounds about the DIM and PTL approaches and illustrates the use of popharvest's functionalities in this context.
出于娱乐目的或作为食物来源而进行的鸟类捕猎是一项在全球范围内都很重要的活动。因此，评估或减轻这些额外死亡来源对鸟类种群的影响是一个关键问题。然而，收获水平的可持续性却很少有记录，因为对于许多鸟类物种来说，它们的种群动态知识仍然很基础。一些利用有限人口统计数据的有用方法可用于对被捕猎鸟类种群的可持续利用进行初步评估，并相应地帮助调整收获水平。（DIM）用于检测过度捕猎。作为补充，（PTL）方法可以根据管理目标设定捕获水平，和/或评估当前的收获水平是否符合这些目标。在这里，我们展示了R包popharvest，它以简单直接的方式实现了这两种方法。该包为用户提供了一组灵活的函数，其参数可以根据关于种群动态的现有知识进行调整。此外，popharvest使用户能够通过轻松编写蒙特卡洛模拟程序来测试各种情况，或将人口统计参数中的不确定性传播到可持续性评估中。该包的简单性使其成为野生动物管理者或政策制定者的一个有用工具箱。本文为他们提供了关于DIM和PTL方法的背景知识，并说明了在这种情况下popharvest功能的使用。
