Kanafin Yerkanat N, Kanafina Dinara, Malamis Simos, Katsou Evina, Inglezakis Vassilis J, Poulopoulos Stavros G, Arkhangelsky Elizabeth
Environmental Science & Technology Group (ESTg), The Environment & Resource Efficiency Cluster (EREC), Chemical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan.
Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780 Athens, Greece.
Membranes (Basel). 2021 Dec 8;11(12):967. doi: 10.3390/membranes11120967.
Currently, there is growing scientific interest in the development of more economic, efficient and environmentally friendly municipal wastewater treatment technologies. Laboratory and pilot-scale surveys have revealed that the anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a promising alternative for municipal wastewater treatment. Anaerobic membrane bioreactor technology combines the advantages of anaerobic processes and membrane technology. Membranes retain colloidal and suspended solids and provide complete solid-liquid separation. The slow-growing anaerobic microorganisms in the bioreactor degrade the soluble organic matter, producing biogas. The low amount of produced sludge and the production of biogas makes AnMBRs favorable over conventional biological treatment technologies. However, the AnMBR is not yet fully mature and challenging issues remain. This work focuses on fundamental aspects of AnMBRs in the treatment of municipal wastewater. The important parameters for AnMBR operation, such as pH, temperature, alkalinity, volatile fatty acids, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and solids retention time, are discussed. Moreover, through a comprehensive literature survey of recent applications from 2009 to 2021, the current state of AnMBR technology is assessed and its limitations are highlighted. Finally, the need for further laboratory, pilot- and full-scale research is addressed.
目前，对于开发更经济、高效且环保的城市污水处理技术，科学界的兴趣与日俱增。实验室和中试规模的调查表明，厌氧膜生物反应器（AnMBR）是城市污水处理的一种有前景的替代方案。厌氧膜生物反应器技术结合了厌氧工艺和膜技术的优点。膜可截留胶体和悬浮固体，并实现完全的固液分离。生物反应器中生长缓慢的厌氧微生物降解可溶性有机物，产生沼气。产生的污泥量少以及产生沼气使得厌氧膜生物反应器比传统生物处理技术更具优势。然而，厌氧膜生物反应器尚未完全成熟，仍然存在具有挑战性的问题。这项工作聚焦于厌氧膜生物反应器处理城市污水的基础方面。讨论了厌氧膜生物反应器运行的重要参数，如pH值、温度、碱度、挥发性脂肪酸、有机负荷率、水力停留时间和固体停留时间。此外，通过对2009年至2021年近期应用的全面文献调查，评估了厌氧膜生物反应器技术的现状并突出了其局限性。最后，阐述了进一步开展实验室、中试和全规模研究的必要性。
