Herrick Shannon S C, Baum Tyler, Duncan Lindsay R
Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
Transl Behav Med. 2022 Mar 17;12(3):454-465. doi: 10.1093/tbm/ibab154.
For decades, physical activity contexts have been inherently exclusionary toward LGBTQ+ participation through their perpetuation of practices and systems that support sexuality- and gender-based discrimination. Progress toward LGBTQ+ inclusivity within physical activity has been severely limited by a lack of actionable and practical suggestions. The purpose of this study was to garner an extensive account of suggestions for inclusivity from LGBTQ+ adults. Using an online cross-sectional survey, LGBTQ+ adults (N = 766) were asked the following open-ended question, "in what ways do you think physical activity could be altered to be more inclusive of LGBTQ+ participation?" The resulting texts were coded using inductive qualitative content analysis. All coding was subject to critical peer review. Participants' suggestions have been organized and presented under two overarching points of improvement: (a) creation of safe(r) spaces and (b) challenging the gender binary. Participants (n = 558; 72.8%) outlined several components integral to the creation and maintenance of safe(r) spaces such as: (i) LGBTQ+ memberships, (ii) inclusivity training for fitness facility staff, (iii) informative advertisement of LGBTQ+ inclusion, (iv) antidiscrimination policies, and (v) diverse representation. Suggestions for challenging the gender binary (n = 483; 63.1%) called for the creation of single stalls or gender-neutral locker rooms, as well as for the questioning of gender-based stereotypes and binary divisions of gender within physical activity (e.g., using skill level and experience to divide sports teams as opposed to gender). The findings of this study represent a multitude of practical suggestions for LGBTQ+ inclusivity that can be applied to a myriad of physical activity contexts.
几十年来，体育活动环境一直通过延续支持基于性取向和性别的歧视的做法和制度，对 LGBTQ+ 群体的参与具有内在的排他性。由于缺乏可行的实用建议，体育活动在实现 LGBTQ+ 包容性方面的进展受到严重限制。本研究的目的是广泛收集 LGBTQ+ 成年人对包容性的建议。通过在线横断面调查，向 LGBTQ+ 成年人（N = 766）提出了以下开放式问题：“你认为体育活动可以通过哪些方式进行改变，以更包容 LGBTQ+ 群体的参与？” 对所得文本进行归纳定性内容分析编码。所有编码都经过严格的同行评审。参与者的建议按照两个总体改进要点进行了组织和呈现：（a）创造更安全的空间；（b）挑战性别二元制。参与者（n = 558；72.8%）概述了创建和维护更安全空间不可或缺的几个要素，例如：（i）LGBTQ+ 会员资格；（ii）健身设施工作人员的包容性培训；（iii）关于 LGBTQ+ 包容性的信息宣传；（iv）反歧视政策；（v）多样化的代表性。挑战性别二元制的建议（n = 483；63.1%）呼吁设立单人隔间或性别中立的更衣室，以及质疑体育活动中基于性别的刻板印象和性别二元划分（例如，用技能水平和经验来划分运动队，而不是按性别划分）。本研究的结果代表了一系列关于 LGBTQ+ 包容性的实用建议，可应用于各种体育活动环境。
