School of Psychology.
Am Psychol. 2022 Apr;77(3):409-423. doi: 10.1037/amp0000872. Epub 2021 Dec 23.
A number of popular research areas suggest that cognitive performance can be manipulated via relatively brief interventions. These findings have generated a lot of traction, given their inherent appeal to individuals and society. However, recent evidence indicates that cognitive abilities might not be as malleable as preliminary findings implied and that other more stable factors play an important role. In this article, I provide a critical outlook on these trends of research, combining findings that have mainly remained segregated despite shared characteristics. Specifically, I suggest that the purported cognitive improvements elicited by many interventions are not reliable, and that their ecological validity remains limited. I conclude with a call for constructive skepticism when evaluating claims of generalized cognitive improvements following brief interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
一些热门的研究领域表明，认知表现可以通过相对短暂的干预来进行操控。鉴于这些干预措施对个人和社会具有内在吸引力，这些发现引起了广泛关注。然而，最近的证据表明，认知能力可能并不像初步研究结果所暗示的那样具有可塑性，而其他更稳定的因素则起着重要作用。在本文中，我对这些研究趋势进行了批判性的分析，结合了尽管具有共同特征但主要仍处于隔离状态的研究结果。具体来说，我认为许多干预措施所产生的所谓认知提升是不可靠的，其生态有效性仍然有限。在评估短暂干预后普遍认知提升的说法时，我呼吁持建设性的怀疑态度。（美国心理协会，2022）
