Alejandro Saiz Del Barrio, Ana Isabel García-Ruiz, Nuria Nicodemus
Trouw Nutrition R&D Poultry Research Centre, 45950 Casarrubios del Monte, Spain.
Departamento de Producción Agraria, ETSI Agrómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Nov 27;11(12):3389. doi: 10.3390/ani11123389.
The study was carried out on individually and collectively housed growing rabbits from 34 to 63 days of age. Two experiments were conducted using three fat sources: Soybean oil (SBO), Soya Lecithin Oil (SLO), and Lard (L; Exp. 1), and SBO, Fish Oil (FO), and Palm kernel Oil (PKO; Exp. 2), added at two inclusion levels (1.5 and 4.0%). In both trials, 180 rabbits were housed in individual cages and additional 600 rabbits in collective cages from day 34 to 63. Animals fed with 4% dietary fat showed lower Daily Feed Intake (DFI) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) than those fed with 1.5%, except in the individually housed animals in Exp. 1. In the collective housed group in Exp. 1, DFI was a 4.8% higher in animals fed with diets containing lard than those fed with SBO ( = 0.036). Lard inclusion also tended to reduce mortality ( = 0.067) by 60% and 25% compared with SBO and SLO diets, respectively. Mortality was the highest with the higher level of soya lecithin (14% vs. 1%, < 0.01). A similar mortality rate was observed in the lowest level of SBO. In the grouped-housed animals in Exp. 2, a decrease of DFI (-12.4%), Bodyweight (BW) at 63 d (-4.8%), and Daily Weight Gain (DWG) (-7.8%) were observed with the inclusion of fish oil ( < 0.01) compared to other fat sources. Fish oil also tended to increase ( = 0.078) mortality (13.2%) compared with palm kernel oil (6.45%); similar results were found when animals were individually housed. The overall efficiency of N retention (NRE) increased with the highest level of fat in Exp. 1 (34.9 vs. 37.8%; < 0.0001). It can be concluded that lard and palm kernel oil are alternative sources of fat due to the reduction of mortality. The inclusion of fish oil impaired animal productivity and increased mortality. An increment of the dietary fat level improved FCR and overall protein retention efficiency.
该研究以34至63日龄单独饲养和集体饲养的生长兔为对象。进行了两项实验，使用了三种脂肪来源：大豆油（SBO）、大豆卵磷脂油（SLO）和猪油（L；实验1），以及SBO、鱼油（FO）和棕榈仁油（PKO；实验2），添加水平为两个（1.5%和4.0%）。在两项试验中，从第34天到63天，180只兔子单独饲养在笼子里，另外600只兔子集体饲养。除实验1中单独饲养的动物外，饲喂4%日粮脂肪的动物的日采食量（DFI）和饲料转化率（FCR）低于饲喂1.5%脂肪的动物。在实验1的集体饲养组中，饲喂含猪油日粮的动物的DFI比饲喂SBO的动物高4.8%（P = 0.036）。与SBO和SLO日粮相比，添加猪油还倾向于使死亡率分别降低60%和25%（P = 0.067）。大豆卵磷脂水平较高时死亡率最高（14%对1%，P < 0.01）。在SBO最低水平时观察到类似的死亡率。在实验2的分组饲养动物中，与其他脂肪来源相比，添加鱼油后观察到DFI降低（-12.4%）、63日龄体重（BW）降低（-4.8%）和日增重（DWG）降低（-7.8%）（P < 0.01）。与棕榈仁油（6.45%）相比，鱼油也倾向于增加死亡率（P = ；0.078）（13.2%）；单独饲养动物时也发现了类似结果。实验1中脂肪水平最高时，氮保留的总体效率（NRE）增加（34.9%对37.8%；P < 0.0001）。可以得出结论，由于死亡率降低，猪油和棕榈仁油是脂肪的替代来源。添加鱼油会损害动物生产力并增加死亡率。日粮脂肪水平的增加改善了FCR和总体蛋白质保留效率。
