Ahmed Mohammed, Holovachov Oleksandr
Department of Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, 114 18 Stockholm, Sweden.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Dec 7;11(12):3479. doi: 10.3390/ani11123479.
Molecular phylogenetics brought radical changes to our understanding of nematode evolution, resulting in substantial modifications to nematode classification implemented by De Ley and Blaxter and widely accepted now. Numerous phylogenetic studies were subsequently published that both improved and challenged this classification. Here we present a summary of these changes. We created cladograms that summarise phylogenetic relationships within Nematoda using phylum-wide to superfamily-wide molecular phylogenies published in since 2005, and supplemented with the phylogenetic analyses for Enoplia and Chromadoria with the aim of clarifying the position of several taxa. The results show which parts of the Nematode tree are well resolved and understood, and which parts require more research, either by adding taxa that have not been included yet (increasing taxon coverage), or by changing the phylogenetic approach (improving data quality, using different types of data or different methods of analysis). The currently used classification of the phylum Nematoda in many cases does not reflect the phylogeny and in itself requires numerous improvements and rearrangements.
分子系统发育学给我们对线虫进化的理解带来了根本性的变化，导致对由德莱伊和布莱克斯泰实施的线虫分类进行了重大修改，该分类目前已被广泛接受。随后发表了大量的系统发育研究，这些研究既改进了这一分类，也对其提出了挑战。在此，我们对这些变化进行总结。我们构建了分支图，利用自2005年以来发表的涵盖门到超科范围的分子系统发育学来总结线虫纲内的系统发育关系，并辅以对刺嘴亚纲和色矛亚纲的系统发育分析，目的是厘清几个分类单元的位置。结果表明线虫树的哪些部分已经得到很好的解析和理解，哪些部分还需要更多研究，要么通过增加尚未纳入的分类单元（提高分类单元覆盖率），要么通过改变系统发育方法（提高数据质量、使用不同类型的数据或不同的分析方法）。目前使用的线虫纲分类在很多情况下并未反映系统发育关系，其本身就需要大量改进和重新排列。
