Zuidema Dalen, Kerns Karl, Sutovsky Peter
Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Dec 15;11(12):3563. doi: 10.3390/ani11123563.
Artificial insemination of livestock has been a staple technology for producers worldwide for over sixty years. This reproductive technology has allowed for the rapid improvement of livestock genetics, most notably in dairy cattle and pigs. This field has experienced continuous improvements over the last six decades. Though much work has been carried out to improve the efficiency of AI, there are still many areas which continue to experience improvement, including semen analysis procedures, sperm selection techniques, sperm sexing technologies, and semen storage methods. Additionally, the use of AI continues to grow in beef cattle, horses, and small ruminants as the technology continues to become more efficient and yield higher pregnancy rates. In this review, AI trends in the various livestock species as well as cutting edge improvements in the aforementioned areas will be discussed at length. Future work will continue to refine the protocols which are used for AI and continue to increase pregnancy rates within all livestock species.
六十多年来，家畜人工授精一直是全球养殖者的一项主要技术。这项繁殖技术使家畜遗传性状得以快速改良，在奶牛和猪身上体现得尤为明显。在过去的六十年里，该领域不断取得进步。尽管为提高人工授精效率已开展了大量工作，但仍有许多领域在持续改进，包括精液分析程序、精子筛选技术、精子性别鉴定技术以及精液保存方法。此外，随着该技术效率不断提高且受孕率上升，人工授精在肉牛、马匹和小型反刍动物中的应用也持续增加。在这篇综述中，将详细讨论各种家畜物种的人工授精趋势以及上述领域的前沿进展。未来的工作将继续完善用于人工授精的方案，并继续提高所有家畜物种的受孕率。
