The role of lymphoid cells in antibody-induced suppression of the fourth component of guinea pig complement.

Many laboratories have demonstrated that immunoglobulin production by B cells is controlled by networks of interacting lymphocytes and their products. Our laboratory has demonstrated that complement components produced by macrophages are also regulated by networks of interacting cells and humoral factors. Treatment of mice in vivo or guinea pig cells in vitro with anticomponent antibody specifically inhibits synthesis and secretion of the component by macrophages. We have further characterized the cellular basis for in vitro suppression of the fourth component of guinea pig complement. C4 suppression has been accomplished with dispersed spleen cells as well as intact splenic fragments. This facilitated examination of the cells responsible for long-term C4 suppression. The data suggested that C4 suppression required either cell contact or sufficient concentrations of soluble factors. Long-term suppression of C4 depends upon a lymphoid cell contained in the spleen and in lymph nodes but absent or in insufficient concentration in the peritoneum. The lymphocyte that actively maintains suppression was negative for the guinea pig T-cell marker detected by the monoclonal antibody mc8BE6. Therefore, the critical cell is either another T-cell subset or non-T lymphocyte. These data demonstrate that a network of interacting cells analogous to that proposed to regulate antibody synthesis is also involved in regulating some nonlymphoid cell products.