Association of Polymorphisms in Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 (), Tissue Plasminogen Activator (), and Renin () with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss in Korean Women.

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as two or more consecutive pregnancy losses prior to 20 weeks of gestational age. Various factors, including immune dysfunction, endocrine disorders, coagulation abnormality, and genetic disorders influence RPL. In particular, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (), tissue plasminogen activator (), and renin () have important roles in the thrombotic and thrombolytic systems, and abnormal expression of these genes have a reported negative correlation with pregnancy maintenance. Moreover, some polymorphisms of the three genes are related to expression levels and thrombotic disorder. Therefore, we investigated whether polymorphisms of , , and are linked to RPL. Genotyping of the six polymorphisms ( rs11178, rs1050955, rs4646972, rs2020918, rs1464816, and rs5707) was performed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism and associations of the polymorphisms with RPL were evaluated by statistical analysis. The polymorphism rs1050955 GA+AA was associated with decreased RPL risk (AOR, 0.528; 95% CI 0.356-0.781; = 0.001) as was the 10795 rs5707 GG genotype (AOR, 0.487; 95% CI 0.301-0.787; = 0.003). In contrast, the rs4646972 II genotype correlated with increased RPL risk (AOR, 1.606; 95% CI, 1.047-2.463; = 0.030). This study provides evidence that Alu rs4646972 may contribute to the risk of idiopathic RPL, but 12068 rs1050955 and 10795 rs5707 are associated with a decreased risk of RPL. Therefore, these alleles may be useful as biomarkers to evaluate the risk of RPL.